Differential detoxification enzyme profiles in C-corn strain and R-rice strain of Spodoptera frugiperda by comparative genomic analysis: insights into host adaptation
Abstract Background The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda, a highly invasive, polyphagous pest, poses a global agricultural threat. It has two strains, the C-corn and R-rice strains, each with distinct host preferences. This study compares detoxification enzyme gene families across these str...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-11185-2 |
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| author | Ping-Hong Yao Syed Husne Mobarak Mao-Fa Yang Chao-Xing Hu |
| author_facet | Ping-Hong Yao Syed Husne Mobarak Mao-Fa Yang Chao-Xing Hu |
| author_sort | Ping-Hong Yao |
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| description | Abstract Background The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda, a highly invasive, polyphagous pest, poses a global agricultural threat. It has two strains, the C-corn and R-rice strains, each with distinct host preferences. This study compares detoxification enzyme gene families across these strains and related Spodoptera species to explore their adaptation to diverse host plant metabolites. Results A total of 1,995 detoxification-related genes, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), carboxylesterases (COEs), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), and ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs), were identified across the genus Spodoptera, including S. littoralis, S. litura, S. picta, S. exigua, and both FAW strains. A higher abundance of phase I detoxification enzymes (CYPs and COEs) and GSTs was observed in Spodoptera species, while FAW strains exhibited fewer detoxification genes, with notable differences in copy numbers between the C and R strains. Analyses at the subfamily level revealed significant variation in gene distribution and expression, particularly within phase I and II detoxification enzymes. Expansions in CYP6AE were detected in the C strain, while contractions in GST-ε, CYP9A, CYP4M, UGT33B, and UGT33F occurred in both strains. In contrast, no substantial variation was observed in phase III ABC enzymes. Functional predictions and protein interaction networks suggest a broader expansion of metabolism-related genes in the R strain compared to the C strain. Conclusions These findings emphasize the pivotal role of phase I and II detoxification enzymes in host adaptation, providing molecular insights into FAW’s capacity for host range expansion, which are crucial for devising targeted and sustainable pest management strategies. Graphical Abstract The differential expression of detoxification enzyme gene families in different strains of Spodoptera frugiperda. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Genomics |
| spelling | doaj-art-7313b65b3a994c7687b845865d5e9d302025-01-12T12:09:17ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642025-01-0126111810.1186/s12864-024-11185-2Differential detoxification enzyme profiles in C-corn strain and R-rice strain of Spodoptera frugiperda by comparative genomic analysis: insights into host adaptationPing-Hong Yao0Syed Husne Mobarak1Mao-Fa Yang2Chao-Xing Hu3Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou UniversityProvincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou UniversityProvincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou UniversityProvincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Region, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou UniversityAbstract Background The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda, a highly invasive, polyphagous pest, poses a global agricultural threat. It has two strains, the C-corn and R-rice strains, each with distinct host preferences. This study compares detoxification enzyme gene families across these strains and related Spodoptera species to explore their adaptation to diverse host plant metabolites. Results A total of 1,995 detoxification-related genes, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), carboxylesterases (COEs), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), and ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCs), were identified across the genus Spodoptera, including S. littoralis, S. litura, S. picta, S. exigua, and both FAW strains. A higher abundance of phase I detoxification enzymes (CYPs and COEs) and GSTs was observed in Spodoptera species, while FAW strains exhibited fewer detoxification genes, with notable differences in copy numbers between the C and R strains. Analyses at the subfamily level revealed significant variation in gene distribution and expression, particularly within phase I and II detoxification enzymes. Expansions in CYP6AE were detected in the C strain, while contractions in GST-ε, CYP9A, CYP4M, UGT33B, and UGT33F occurred in both strains. In contrast, no substantial variation was observed in phase III ABC enzymes. Functional predictions and protein interaction networks suggest a broader expansion of metabolism-related genes in the R strain compared to the C strain. Conclusions These findings emphasize the pivotal role of phase I and II detoxification enzymes in host adaptation, providing molecular insights into FAW’s capacity for host range expansion, which are crucial for devising targeted and sustainable pest management strategies. Graphical Abstract The differential expression of detoxification enzyme gene families in different strains of Spodoptera frugiperda.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-11185-2Spodoptera frugiperdaDetoxification enzymesHost plant adaptationPolyphagyEvolutionary adaptation |
| spellingShingle | Ping-Hong Yao Syed Husne Mobarak Mao-Fa Yang Chao-Xing Hu Differential detoxification enzyme profiles in C-corn strain and R-rice strain of Spodoptera frugiperda by comparative genomic analysis: insights into host adaptation BMC Genomics Spodoptera frugiperda Detoxification enzymes Host plant adaptation Polyphagy Evolutionary adaptation |
| title | Differential detoxification enzyme profiles in C-corn strain and R-rice strain of Spodoptera frugiperda by comparative genomic analysis: insights into host adaptation |
| title_full | Differential detoxification enzyme profiles in C-corn strain and R-rice strain of Spodoptera frugiperda by comparative genomic analysis: insights into host adaptation |
| title_fullStr | Differential detoxification enzyme profiles in C-corn strain and R-rice strain of Spodoptera frugiperda by comparative genomic analysis: insights into host adaptation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential detoxification enzyme profiles in C-corn strain and R-rice strain of Spodoptera frugiperda by comparative genomic analysis: insights into host adaptation |
| title_short | Differential detoxification enzyme profiles in C-corn strain and R-rice strain of Spodoptera frugiperda by comparative genomic analysis: insights into host adaptation |
| title_sort | differential detoxification enzyme profiles in c corn strain and r rice strain of spodoptera frugiperda by comparative genomic analysis insights into host adaptation |
| topic | Spodoptera frugiperda Detoxification enzymes Host plant adaptation Polyphagy Evolutionary adaptation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-11185-2 |
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