Project “BUSSARD” − a holistic development of high-efficiency solar cells covering innovative front-end, metallization and interconnection approaches
Within this work, we present key results of the transnational European research project “Bussard”. The aim of this project is the development and evaluation of various innovative approaches for highly efficient cell concepts such as tunnel oxide passivating contact (TOPCon) solar cells considering t...
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EDP Sciences
2025-01-01
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| Series: | EPJ Photovoltaics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.epj-pv.org/articles/epjpv/full_html/2025/01/pv20240031/pv20240031.html |
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| _version_ | 1841526747321860096 |
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| author | Lorenz Andreas Schube Jörg Nikitina Veronika Mack Sebastian Schweigert Sebastian Buddgard Jonas Albrecht Jonas Pospischil Maximilian Kraft Achim Wolf Andreas Hermle Martin Clement Florian |
| author_facet | Lorenz Andreas Schube Jörg Nikitina Veronika Mack Sebastian Schweigert Sebastian Buddgard Jonas Albrecht Jonas Pospischil Maximilian Kraft Achim Wolf Andreas Hermle Martin Clement Florian |
| author_sort | Lorenz Andreas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Within this work, we present key results of the transnational European research project “Bussard”. The aim of this project is the development and evaluation of various innovative approaches for highly efficient cell concepts such as tunnel oxide passivating contact (TOPCon) solar cells considering the whole process chain including front-end, back-end and module processing. We present atomic layer deposition (ALD) as a high-throughput alternative for the deposition of Al2O3 passivation layers on the front side of TOPCon solar cells enabling a substantial reduction of the emitter saturation current density down to j0e = 13 fA/cm2. In the field of metallization, we evaluate and demonstrate three innovative approaches for the fine-line metallization of TOPCon solar cells. In this study we focus on multi-nozzle parallel dispensing, a technology that was developed as an alternative to standard screen-printing metallization and is used for the metallization of TOPCon solar cells for the first time. By optimizing the fabrication process at Fraunhofer ISE, we realize TOPCon solar cells (156.75 mm × 156.75 mm) with a champion conversion efficiency of up to ηmax = 24.2% (independently confirmed by Fraunhofer ISE CalLab PVCells). Finally, we present a comprehensive evaluation of the innovative Tape Solution interconnection concept for TOPCon cells and modules. We demonstrate the feasibility on small-scale and full-format modules and analyze the I–V results as well as cell-to-module (CTM) loss analysis using the simulation tool SmartCalc®. The results are compared to TOPCon modules interconnected via SmartWire Connection Technology (SWCT) and electrically conductive adhesive (ECA). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7263d3b19fbd4e7ab6efbd9ea3c3e656 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2105-0716 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | EDP Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | EPJ Photovoltaics |
| spelling | doaj-art-7263d3b19fbd4e7ab6efbd9ea3c3e6562025-01-16T11:24:47ZengEDP SciencesEPJ Photovoltaics2105-07162025-01-0116610.1051/epjpv/2024043pv20240031Project “BUSSARD” − a holistic development of high-efficiency solar cells covering innovative front-end, metallization and interconnection approachesLorenz Andreas0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-8307Schube Jörg1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9112-3062Nikitina Veronika2Mack Sebastian3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0030-3661Schweigert Sebastian4Buddgard Jonas5Albrecht Jonas6Pospischil Maximilian7Kraft Achim8Wolf Andreas9Hermle Martin10Clement Florian11Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)Sticky Solar PowerHighline Technology GmbHHighline Technology GmbHFraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE)Within this work, we present key results of the transnational European research project “Bussard”. The aim of this project is the development and evaluation of various innovative approaches for highly efficient cell concepts such as tunnel oxide passivating contact (TOPCon) solar cells considering the whole process chain including front-end, back-end and module processing. We present atomic layer deposition (ALD) as a high-throughput alternative for the deposition of Al2O3 passivation layers on the front side of TOPCon solar cells enabling a substantial reduction of the emitter saturation current density down to j0e = 13 fA/cm2. In the field of metallization, we evaluate and demonstrate three innovative approaches for the fine-line metallization of TOPCon solar cells. In this study we focus on multi-nozzle parallel dispensing, a technology that was developed as an alternative to standard screen-printing metallization and is used for the metallization of TOPCon solar cells for the first time. By optimizing the fabrication process at Fraunhofer ISE, we realize TOPCon solar cells (156.75 mm × 156.75 mm) with a champion conversion efficiency of up to ηmax = 24.2% (independently confirmed by Fraunhofer ISE CalLab PVCells). Finally, we present a comprehensive evaluation of the innovative Tape Solution interconnection concept for TOPCon cells and modules. We demonstrate the feasibility on small-scale and full-format modules and analyze the I–V results as well as cell-to-module (CTM) loss analysis using the simulation tool SmartCalc®. The results are compared to TOPCon modules interconnected via SmartWire Connection Technology (SWCT) and electrically conductive adhesive (ECA).https://www.epj-pv.org/articles/epjpv/full_html/2025/01/pv20240031/pv20240031.htmltopconatomic layer depositiondispensingtape solutionelectric conductive adhesivesmartwire |
| spellingShingle | Lorenz Andreas Schube Jörg Nikitina Veronika Mack Sebastian Schweigert Sebastian Buddgard Jonas Albrecht Jonas Pospischil Maximilian Kraft Achim Wolf Andreas Hermle Martin Clement Florian Project “BUSSARD” − a holistic development of high-efficiency solar cells covering innovative front-end, metallization and interconnection approaches EPJ Photovoltaics topcon atomic layer deposition dispensing tape solution electric conductive adhesive smartwire |
| title | Project “BUSSARD” − a holistic development of high-efficiency solar cells covering innovative front-end, metallization and interconnection approaches |
| title_full | Project “BUSSARD” − a holistic development of high-efficiency solar cells covering innovative front-end, metallization and interconnection approaches |
| title_fullStr | Project “BUSSARD” − a holistic development of high-efficiency solar cells covering innovative front-end, metallization and interconnection approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Project “BUSSARD” − a holistic development of high-efficiency solar cells covering innovative front-end, metallization and interconnection approaches |
| title_short | Project “BUSSARD” − a holistic development of high-efficiency solar cells covering innovative front-end, metallization and interconnection approaches |
| title_sort | project bussard a holistic development of high efficiency solar cells covering innovative front end metallization and interconnection approaches |
| topic | topcon atomic layer deposition dispensing tape solution electric conductive adhesive smartwire |
| url | https://www.epj-pv.org/articles/epjpv/full_html/2025/01/pv20240031/pv20240031.html |
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