Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Cachexia Diagnosed by New Definition for Asian People in Older Patients With Heart Failure
ABSTRACT Background The Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) proposed a new definition of cachexia; however, its impact on cachexia prevalence and overlaps with other conditions, such as sarcopenia and malnutrition, are unclear. We investigated these aspects and the prognostic value of cachexia b...
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2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13610 |
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| author | Takumi Noda Emi Maekawa Daichi Maeda Shota Uchida Masashi Yamashita Nobuaki Hamazaki Kohei Nozaki Hiroshi Saito Kazuya Saito Yuki Ogasahara Masaaki Konishi Takeshi Kitai Kentaro Iwata Kentaro Jujo Hiroshi Wada Takatoshi Kasai Hirofumi Nagamatsu Tetsuya Ozawa Katsuya Izawa Shuhei Yamamoto Naoki Aizawa Ryusuke Yonezawa Kazuhiro Oka Junya Ako Shin‐ichi Momomura Nobuyuki Kagiyama Yuya Matsue Kentaro Kamiya |
| author_facet | Takumi Noda Emi Maekawa Daichi Maeda Shota Uchida Masashi Yamashita Nobuaki Hamazaki Kohei Nozaki Hiroshi Saito Kazuya Saito Yuki Ogasahara Masaaki Konishi Takeshi Kitai Kentaro Iwata Kentaro Jujo Hiroshi Wada Takatoshi Kasai Hirofumi Nagamatsu Tetsuya Ozawa Katsuya Izawa Shuhei Yamamoto Naoki Aizawa Ryusuke Yonezawa Kazuhiro Oka Junya Ako Shin‐ichi Momomura Nobuyuki Kagiyama Yuya Matsue Kentaro Kamiya |
| author_sort | Takumi Noda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Background The Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) proposed a new definition of cachexia; however, its impact on cachexia prevalence and overlaps with other conditions, such as sarcopenia and malnutrition, are unclear. We investigated these aspects and the prognostic value of cachexia based on the AWGC on mortality in older patients with heart failure (HF). Methods This study was a secondary analysis of a prospective multicentre cohort, namely, the FRAGILE‐HF cohort study. Older (≥ 65 years) patients who had been hospitalized due to decompensated HF were enrolled. We assessed the presence/absence of cachexia based on the AWGC and Evans' criteria. Sarcopenia and malnutrition based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2014 and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria were also assessed to compare their prevalence and the overlaps between them. Patients were stratified in relation to the presence/absence of cachexia based on the AWGC criteria, and their mortality rates were compared. Results Of the 861 enrolled patients (median [interquartile range] age, 80 years [73–85 years]; male, 58.9%), cachexia, as evaluated based on the AWGC and Evans' criteria, sarcopenia and malnutrition, was present in 74.1%, 36.2%, 20.6% and 55.2% of patients, respectively. AWGC‐defined cachexia was most common in the four conditions. All‐cause death events occurred in 153 (18.1%) patients in 2 years. AWGC‐defined cachexia (adjusted hazard ratio [aHRs], 1.442; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.931–2.233; p = 0.101) was not associated with all‐cause mortality in older patients with HF after adjusting for other HF prognosis factors, such as the B‐type natriuretic peptide and the Meta‐Analysis Global Group in Chronic risk score, whereas cachexia evaluated based on Evans's criteria (aHRs, 1.547; 95% CI, 1.118–2.141; p = 0.009), sarcopenia (aHRs, 1.737; 95% CI, 1.214–2.485; p = 0.003), and malnutrition (aHRs, 1.581; 95% CI, 1.094–2.284; p = 0.015) was associated with all‐cause mortality. Conclusions Three‐quarters of older patients with HF had cachexia as evaluated by the AWGC criteria, and this was not associated with a worse prognosis. As the new AWGC cachexia criteria will result in a significantly larger proportion of patients being diagnosed with cachexia, the implementation of the criteria in clinical practice requires further consideration. Trial Registration: UMIN‐CTR unique identifier: UMIN000023929 |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-70f801aa736945f788da02e989618cbc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2190-5991 2190-6009 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle |
| spelling | doaj-art-70f801aa736945f788da02e989618cbc2024-12-12T02:31:37ZengWileyJournal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle2190-59912190-60092024-12-011562660266810.1002/jcsm.13610Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Cachexia Diagnosed by New Definition for Asian People in Older Patients With Heart FailureTakumi Noda0Emi Maekawa1Daichi Maeda2Shota Uchida3Masashi Yamashita4Nobuaki Hamazaki5Kohei Nozaki6Hiroshi Saito7Kazuya Saito8Yuki Ogasahara9Masaaki Konishi10Takeshi Kitai11Kentaro Iwata12Kentaro Jujo13Hiroshi Wada14Takatoshi Kasai15Hirofumi Nagamatsu16Tetsuya Ozawa17Katsuya Izawa18Shuhei Yamamoto19Naoki Aizawa20Ryusuke Yonezawa21Kazuhiro Oka22Junya Ako23Shin‐ichi Momomura24Nobuyuki Kagiyama25Yuya Matsue26Kentaro Kamiya27Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Sagamihara JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine Kitasato University School of Medicine Sagamihara JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences Kitasato University Sagamihara JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Sagamihara JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Kitasato University Hospital Sagamihara JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Kitasato University Hospital Sagamihara JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Kameda Medical Center Kamogawa JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation The Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama Okayama JapanDepartment of Nursing The Sakakibara Heart Institute of Okayama Okayama JapanDivision of Cardiology Yokohama City University Medical Center Yokohama JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Suita JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital Kobe JapanDepartment of Cardiology Nishiarai Heart Center Hospital Adachi JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical Center Jichi Medical University Shimotsuke JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo JapanDepartment of Cardiology Tokai University School of Medicine Tokyo JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Odawara Municipal Hospital Odawara JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Matsui Heart Clinic Saitama JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Shinshu University Hospital Matsumoto JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nephrology and Neurology University of the Ryukyus Nishihara JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Kitasato University Medical Center Kitamoto JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Saitama Citizens Medical Center Saitama JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine Kitasato University School of Medicine Sagamihara JapanDirector, Saitama Citizens Medical Center Saitama JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Juntendo University Tokyo JapanDepartment of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine Tokyo JapanDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Sagamihara JapanABSTRACT Background The Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) proposed a new definition of cachexia; however, its impact on cachexia prevalence and overlaps with other conditions, such as sarcopenia and malnutrition, are unclear. We investigated these aspects and the prognostic value of cachexia based on the AWGC on mortality in older patients with heart failure (HF). Methods This study was a secondary analysis of a prospective multicentre cohort, namely, the FRAGILE‐HF cohort study. Older (≥ 65 years) patients who had been hospitalized due to decompensated HF were enrolled. We assessed the presence/absence of cachexia based on the AWGC and Evans' criteria. Sarcopenia and malnutrition based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2014 and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria were also assessed to compare their prevalence and the overlaps between them. Patients were stratified in relation to the presence/absence of cachexia based on the AWGC criteria, and their mortality rates were compared. Results Of the 861 enrolled patients (median [interquartile range] age, 80 years [73–85 years]; male, 58.9%), cachexia, as evaluated based on the AWGC and Evans' criteria, sarcopenia and malnutrition, was present in 74.1%, 36.2%, 20.6% and 55.2% of patients, respectively. AWGC‐defined cachexia was most common in the four conditions. All‐cause death events occurred in 153 (18.1%) patients in 2 years. AWGC‐defined cachexia (adjusted hazard ratio [aHRs], 1.442; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.931–2.233; p = 0.101) was not associated with all‐cause mortality in older patients with HF after adjusting for other HF prognosis factors, such as the B‐type natriuretic peptide and the Meta‐Analysis Global Group in Chronic risk score, whereas cachexia evaluated based on Evans's criteria (aHRs, 1.547; 95% CI, 1.118–2.141; p = 0.009), sarcopenia (aHRs, 1.737; 95% CI, 1.214–2.485; p = 0.003), and malnutrition (aHRs, 1.581; 95% CI, 1.094–2.284; p = 0.015) was associated with all‐cause mortality. Conclusions Three‐quarters of older patients with HF had cachexia as evaluated by the AWGC criteria, and this was not associated with a worse prognosis. As the new AWGC cachexia criteria will result in a significantly larger proportion of patients being diagnosed with cachexia, the implementation of the criteria in clinical practice requires further consideration. Trial Registration: UMIN‐CTR unique identifier: UMIN000023929https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13610Asia Working Group for Cachexiacachexiaheart failuremalnutritionprognosissarcopenia |
| spellingShingle | Takumi Noda Emi Maekawa Daichi Maeda Shota Uchida Masashi Yamashita Nobuaki Hamazaki Kohei Nozaki Hiroshi Saito Kazuya Saito Yuki Ogasahara Masaaki Konishi Takeshi Kitai Kentaro Iwata Kentaro Jujo Hiroshi Wada Takatoshi Kasai Hirofumi Nagamatsu Tetsuya Ozawa Katsuya Izawa Shuhei Yamamoto Naoki Aizawa Ryusuke Yonezawa Kazuhiro Oka Junya Ako Shin‐ichi Momomura Nobuyuki Kagiyama Yuya Matsue Kentaro Kamiya Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Cachexia Diagnosed by New Definition for Asian People in Older Patients With Heart Failure Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Asia Working Group for Cachexia cachexia heart failure malnutrition prognosis sarcopenia |
| title | Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Cachexia Diagnosed by New Definition for Asian People in Older Patients With Heart Failure |
| title_full | Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Cachexia Diagnosed by New Definition for Asian People in Older Patients With Heart Failure |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Cachexia Diagnosed by New Definition for Asian People in Older Patients With Heart Failure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Cachexia Diagnosed by New Definition for Asian People in Older Patients With Heart Failure |
| title_short | Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Cachexia Diagnosed by New Definition for Asian People in Older Patients With Heart Failure |
| title_sort | prevalence and prognostic value of cachexia diagnosed by new definition for asian people in older patients with heart failure |
| topic | Asia Working Group for Cachexia cachexia heart failure malnutrition prognosis sarcopenia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/jcsm.13610 |
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