Primary Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone with Metastasis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Introduction: Malignant giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a very rare tumor, especially the primary type of it. We report a case of a young female who was diagnosed with a primary malignant giant cell tumor, in addition to a literature review of the previously reported cases. This case report aims...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Indian Orthopaedic Research Group
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://jocr.co.in/wp/2025/03/01/primary-malignant-giant-cell-tumor-of-bone-with-metastasis-a-case-report-and-literature-review/ |
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| author | Hazem Aboaid John A deVries Russell Gollard |
| author_facet | Hazem Aboaid John A deVries Russell Gollard |
| author_sort | Hazem Aboaid |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction:
Malignant giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a very rare tumor, especially the primary type of it. We report a case of a young female who was diagnosed with a primary malignant giant cell tumor, in addition to a literature review of the previously reported cases. This case report aims to highlight the importance of high clinical suspicion and comprehensive workup to detect malignancy in giant cell tumors. We also review and add another case to the medical literature to help better understand the behavior of this rare tumor.
Case Report:
A 30-year-old African American female presented with left knee pain. Imaging showed a cystic bone lesion of the left proximal tibia, which was found to be consistent with a primary malignant giant cell tumor on biopsy. She started neoadjuvant chemotherapy (methotrexate + doxorubicin + cisplatin); however, she only tolerated one cycle, and then she underwent a radical resection of the left proximal tibia with endoprosthetic reconstruction. She had multiple hospitalizations later, and she was found to have significant pulmonary and spinal metastasis. Eventually, she decided to resume chemotherapy due to her worsening disease, and she completed four cycles of doxorubicin and cisplatin with a recent plan to switch to regorafenib given her refractory disease.
Conclusion:
Diagnosis of primary malignant GCTB can be very challenging. It is always important to seek an expert opinion given the rare nature of this tumor. Early detection is very important to establish the appropriate treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-707e3e3dd40b4bdda65c2e94e17c7224 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2250-0685 2321-3817 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Indian Orthopaedic Research Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-707e3e3dd40b4bdda65c2e94e17c72242025-08-20T03:31:27ZengIndian Orthopaedic Research GroupJournal of Orthopaedic Case Reports2250-06852321-38172025-03-0115316917410.13107/jocr.2025.v15.i03.5376Primary Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone with Metastasis: A Case Report and Literature ReviewHazem AboaidJohn A deVriesRussell GollardIntroduction: Malignant giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a very rare tumor, especially the primary type of it. We report a case of a young female who was diagnosed with a primary malignant giant cell tumor, in addition to a literature review of the previously reported cases. This case report aims to highlight the importance of high clinical suspicion and comprehensive workup to detect malignancy in giant cell tumors. We also review and add another case to the medical literature to help better understand the behavior of this rare tumor. Case Report: A 30-year-old African American female presented with left knee pain. Imaging showed a cystic bone lesion of the left proximal tibia, which was found to be consistent with a primary malignant giant cell tumor on biopsy. She started neoadjuvant chemotherapy (methotrexate + doxorubicin + cisplatin); however, she only tolerated one cycle, and then she underwent a radical resection of the left proximal tibia with endoprosthetic reconstruction. She had multiple hospitalizations later, and she was found to have significant pulmonary and spinal metastasis. Eventually, she decided to resume chemotherapy due to her worsening disease, and she completed four cycles of doxorubicin and cisplatin with a recent plan to switch to regorafenib given her refractory disease. Conclusion: Diagnosis of primary malignant GCTB can be very challenging. It is always important to seek an expert opinion given the rare nature of this tumor. Early detection is very important to establish the appropriate treatment.https://jocr.co.in/wp/2025/03/01/primary-malignant-giant-cell-tumor-of-bone-with-metastasis-a-case-report-and-literature-review/giant cell tumor of bonemalignantprimarysecondary |
| spellingShingle | Hazem Aboaid John A deVries Russell Gollard Primary Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone with Metastasis: A Case Report and Literature Review Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports giant cell tumor of bone malignant primary secondary |
| title | Primary Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone with Metastasis: A Case Report and Literature Review |
| title_full | Primary Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone with Metastasis: A Case Report and Literature Review |
| title_fullStr | Primary Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone with Metastasis: A Case Report and Literature Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Primary Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone with Metastasis: A Case Report and Literature Review |
| title_short | Primary Malignant Giant Cell Tumor of Bone with Metastasis: A Case Report and Literature Review |
| title_sort | primary malignant giant cell tumor of bone with metastasis a case report and literature review |
| topic | giant cell tumor of bone malignant primary secondary |
| url | https://jocr.co.in/wp/2025/03/01/primary-malignant-giant-cell-tumor-of-bone-with-metastasis-a-case-report-and-literature-review/ |
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