Evaluating Craniofacial Morphology Ratios as Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Non-Obese Adult Males
<b>Background</b>: This study aimed to examine the connection between craniofacial morphology, particularly the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the mandible, and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in non-obese adult males by utilizing a cephalometric analysis and introdu...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| author | Masasuke Shimatsu Shigeto Kawashima Mitsuyoshi Suzuki |
| author_facet | Masasuke Shimatsu Shigeto Kawashima Mitsuyoshi Suzuki |
| author_sort | Masasuke Shimatsu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background</b>: This study aimed to examine the connection between craniofacial morphology, particularly the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the mandible, and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in non-obese adult males by utilizing a cephalometric analysis and introducing a new skeletal ratio index. <b>Methods</b>: A cohort of 44 non-obese adult males with OSA, diagnosed via the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) from polysomnographic recordings, was evaluated using a lateral cephalometric analysis. OSA severity was classified as mild (5 ≤ AHI < 15) in 19 patients, moderate (15 ≤ AHI < 30) in 15 patients, and severe (AHI ≥ 30) in 10 patients. The S-Go distance divided by the N-Me distance (S-Go/N-Me) was used as a vertical ratio of craniofacial morphology, the Go-Me distance divided by the S-N distance (Go-Me/S-N) was used as a horizontal ratio, and the results were compared between groups. Correlations between each ratio and craniofacial morphology based on the five factors from the Ricketts analysis were examined for each group. <b>Results</b>: A significant difference was found in the horizontal ratio Go-Me/S-N between the mild and moderate groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and the mild and severe groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, no significant differences in Ricketts analysis factors were observed across OSA severity groups. Correlations between the Go-Me/S-N and Ricketts factors were identified in the mild and moderate groups but not in the severe group. The horizontal skeletal dimension Go-Me/S-N was strongly associated with OSA severity. <b>Conclusions</b>: The horizontal mandibular ratio Go-Me/S-N, independent of body shape, may offer a valuable morphological marker for differentiating OSA severity in non-obese males. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2304-6767 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Dentistry Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-6ed47c95d7d644d09c9f6ef68fa8e6342024-12-27T14:20:18ZengMDPI AGDentistry Journal2304-67672024-11-01121237410.3390/dj12120374Evaluating Craniofacial Morphology Ratios as Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Non-Obese Adult MalesMasasuke Shimatsu0Shigeto Kawashima1Mitsuyoshi Suzuki2Isdorly Orthodontic Office, Tokyo 101-0047, JapanIsdorly Orthodontic Office, Tokyo 101-0047, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan<b>Background</b>: This study aimed to examine the connection between craniofacial morphology, particularly the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the mandible, and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in non-obese adult males by utilizing a cephalometric analysis and introducing a new skeletal ratio index. <b>Methods</b>: A cohort of 44 non-obese adult males with OSA, diagnosed via the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) from polysomnographic recordings, was evaluated using a lateral cephalometric analysis. OSA severity was classified as mild (5 ≤ AHI < 15) in 19 patients, moderate (15 ≤ AHI < 30) in 15 patients, and severe (AHI ≥ 30) in 10 patients. The S-Go distance divided by the N-Me distance (S-Go/N-Me) was used as a vertical ratio of craniofacial morphology, the Go-Me distance divided by the S-N distance (Go-Me/S-N) was used as a horizontal ratio, and the results were compared between groups. Correlations between each ratio and craniofacial morphology based on the five factors from the Ricketts analysis were examined for each group. <b>Results</b>: A significant difference was found in the horizontal ratio Go-Me/S-N between the mild and moderate groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and the mild and severe groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, no significant differences in Ricketts analysis factors were observed across OSA severity groups. Correlations between the Go-Me/S-N and Ricketts factors were identified in the mild and moderate groups but not in the severe group. The horizontal skeletal dimension Go-Me/S-N was strongly associated with OSA severity. <b>Conclusions</b>: The horizontal mandibular ratio Go-Me/S-N, independent of body shape, may offer a valuable morphological marker for differentiating OSA severity in non-obese males.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/12/12/374obstructive sleep apneacraniofacial morphologycephalometric analysisapnea–hypopnea index |
| spellingShingle | Masasuke Shimatsu Shigeto Kawashima Mitsuyoshi Suzuki Evaluating Craniofacial Morphology Ratios as Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Non-Obese Adult Males Dentistry Journal obstructive sleep apnea craniofacial morphology cephalometric analysis apnea–hypopnea index |
| title | Evaluating Craniofacial Morphology Ratios as Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Non-Obese Adult Males |
| title_full | Evaluating Craniofacial Morphology Ratios as Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Non-Obese Adult Males |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating Craniofacial Morphology Ratios as Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Non-Obese Adult Males |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating Craniofacial Morphology Ratios as Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Non-Obese Adult Males |
| title_short | Evaluating Craniofacial Morphology Ratios as Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity in Non-Obese Adult Males |
| title_sort | evaluating craniofacial morphology ratios as predictors of obstructive sleep apnea severity in non obese adult males |
| topic | obstructive sleep apnea craniofacial morphology cephalometric analysis apnea–hypopnea index |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6767/12/12/374 |
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