The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer Caused by Smoking: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Background: Smoking is the primary risk factor for tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer. Objective: This study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of smoking-attributable TBL cancer from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) data for smoking-related...
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Ubiquity Press
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Annals of Global Health |
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| Online Access: | https://account.annalsofglobalhealth.org/index.php/up-j-agh/article/view/4572 |
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| author | Jingting Zhang Jincheng Tang Renyi Yang Siqin Chen Huiying Jian Puhua Zeng |
| author_facet | Jingting Zhang Jincheng Tang Renyi Yang Siqin Chen Huiying Jian Puhua Zeng |
| author_sort | Jingting Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Smoking is the primary risk factor for tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer. Objective: This study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of smoking-attributable TBL cancer from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) data for smoking-related TBL cancer from 1990 to 2021 were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to evaluate trends in age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) and age-standardized DALY rates (ASDRs). Additionally, the relationship between disease burden, EAPCs, and the sociodemographic index (SDI) was assessed. Findings: Compared with 1990, both the mortality and DALYs due to smoking-related TBL cancer substantially increased by 2021. However, during this period, ASMR [EAPC: −0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.05 to −0.89] and ASDR (EAPC: −1.29; 95% CI: −1.37 to −1.22) demonstrated a downward trend. ASMR and ASDR in females were consistently lower than in males. In 2021, East Asia had the highest ASMR, while Central Europe recorded the highest ASDR, with Greenland exhibiting the highest ASMR and ASDR at the national level. Nationally, ASMR for smoking-related TBL cancer in 2021 showed a positive correlation with SDI, while the EAPC of both ASMR and ASDR from 1990 to 2021 displayed a negative correlation with SDI. Furthermore, in 2021, the greatest number of deaths from smoking-related TBL cancer occurred in individuals aged 70–74, while DALYs were highest in the 65–69 age group. Conclusions: The burden of smoking-related TBL cancer varies across age, sex, geography, and SDI regions. Tailored public health interventions aligned with these epidemiological characteristics are essential for alleviating the disease burden. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6eaa4cf349fa40fd8e86bf5823f4de34 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-9996 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Ubiquity Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Annals of Global Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-6eaa4cf349fa40fd8e86bf5823f4de342025-01-08T07:52:56ZengUbiquity PressAnnals of Global Health2214-99962024-12-01901777710.5334/aogh.45724572The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer Caused by Smoking: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021Jingting Zhang0Jincheng Tang1Renyi Yang2Siqin Chen3Huiying Jian4Puhua Zeng5Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, HunanHunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, HunanHunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, HunanHunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, HunanHunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, HunanHunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, HunanBackground: Smoking is the primary risk factor for tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer. Objective: This study aims to explore the epidemiological trends of smoking-attributable TBL cancer from 1990 to 2021. Methods: Mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) data for smoking-related TBL cancer from 1990 to 2021 were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to evaluate trends in age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) and age-standardized DALY rates (ASDRs). Additionally, the relationship between disease burden, EAPCs, and the sociodemographic index (SDI) was assessed. Findings: Compared with 1990, both the mortality and DALYs due to smoking-related TBL cancer substantially increased by 2021. However, during this period, ASMR [EAPC: −0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.05 to −0.89] and ASDR (EAPC: −1.29; 95% CI: −1.37 to −1.22) demonstrated a downward trend. ASMR and ASDR in females were consistently lower than in males. In 2021, East Asia had the highest ASMR, while Central Europe recorded the highest ASDR, with Greenland exhibiting the highest ASMR and ASDR at the national level. Nationally, ASMR for smoking-related TBL cancer in 2021 showed a positive correlation with SDI, while the EAPC of both ASMR and ASDR from 1990 to 2021 displayed a negative correlation with SDI. Furthermore, in 2021, the greatest number of deaths from smoking-related TBL cancer occurred in individuals aged 70–74, while DALYs were highest in the 65–69 age group. Conclusions: The burden of smoking-related TBL cancer varies across age, sex, geography, and SDI regions. Tailored public health interventions aligned with these epidemiological characteristics are essential for alleviating the disease burden.https://account.annalsofglobalhealth.org/index.php/up-j-agh/article/view/4572tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancersmokingglobal burden of disease study (gbd) 2021mortalitydisability-adjusted life-years (dalys) |
| spellingShingle | Jingting Zhang Jincheng Tang Renyi Yang Siqin Chen Huiying Jian Puhua Zeng The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer Caused by Smoking: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 Annals of Global Health tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer smoking global burden of disease study (gbd) 2021 mortality disability-adjusted life-years (dalys) |
| title | The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer Caused by Smoking: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 |
| title_full | The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer Caused by Smoking: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 |
| title_fullStr | The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer Caused by Smoking: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer Caused by Smoking: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 |
| title_short | The Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tracheal, Bronchus, and Lung Cancer Caused by Smoking: An Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 |
| title_sort | global regional and national burden of tracheal bronchus and lung cancer caused by smoking an analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021 |
| topic | tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer smoking global burden of disease study (gbd) 2021 mortality disability-adjusted life-years (dalys) |
| url | https://account.annalsofglobalhealth.org/index.php/up-j-agh/article/view/4572 |
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