Telerehabilitation using a 2-D planar arm rehabilitation robot for hemiparetic stroke: a feasibility study of clinic-to-home exergaming therapy
Abstract Background We evaluated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a 2D-planar robot for minimally supervised home-based upper-limb therapy for post-stroke hemiparesis. Methods The H-Man, end effector robot, combined with web-based software application for remote tele-monitoring were evaluate...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-024-01496-6 |
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| Summary: | Abstract Background We evaluated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a 2D-planar robot for minimally supervised home-based upper-limb therapy for post-stroke hemiparesis. Methods The H-Man, end effector robot, combined with web-based software application for remote tele-monitoring were evaluated at homes of participants. Inclusion criteria were: strokes > 28 days, Fugl-Meyer Motor Assessment (FMA) > 10-60/66, presence of a carer and absence of medical contraindications. Participants performed self-directed, minimally supervised robotics-assisted therapy (RAT) at home for 30 consecutive days, after 2 therapist-supervised clinic on-boarding sessions. Web-based compliance measures were: accessed sessions of > 20 min/day, training minutes/day and active training hours/30 days. Clinical outcomes at weeks 0, 5 (post-training), 12 and 24 (follow-up) consisted of FMA, Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) and WHO-Stroke Specific Quality of Life (SSQOL). To estimate immediate economic benefits of the home-based robotic therapy, we performed cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA), followed by budget impact analysis (BIA). Results Altogether, all 12 participants completed Home-RAT without adverse events; 9 (75.0%) were males, mean (SD) age, 59.4 years (9.5), median (IQR) stroke duration 38.6 weeks (25.4, 79.6) baseline FMA (0–66) 42.1 ± 13.2, ARAT (0–57) 25.4 ± 19.5, SSQOL (0–245) 185.3 ± 32.8. At week 5 follow-up, mean (SD) accessed days were 26.3 days ± 6.4, active training hours of 35.3 h ± 14.7/30 days, or ~ 6 days/week and 77 training minutes ± 20.9/day were observed. Significant gains were observed from baseline across time; ΔFMA 2.4 at week 5 (FMA 44.5, CI 95% 39.7–49.3, p < 0.05) and ΔFMA 3.7 at week 24 (FMA 45.8, CI 95% 40.5–51, p < 0.05); ΔARAT 2.6 at week 5 (ARAT 28.0, CI 95% 19.3–36.7, p < 0.05), and ΔARAT 4.8 at week 24 (ARAT 30.2, CI 95% 21.2–39.1, p < 0.05). At week 5 follow-up, 91% of participants rated their overall experience as satisfied or very satisfied. Incremental CEA observed savings of -S$144/per cure over 24 weeks, BIA—potentially 12% impact reduction over five years. Conclusions This study demonstrates the feasibility, acceptability, safety, clinical efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of a home-based, web-enabled telemonitored carer-supervised robotics-aided therapy. Trial registration: NCT05212181 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov ). |
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| ISSN: | 1743-0003 |