Investigating multi-soliton patterns and dynamical characteristics of the (3+1)-dimensional equation via phase portraits

In this study, we investigate the deeper characteristics of the modified Ito equation, which can be applied across various scientific domains to represent systems influenced by noise and randomness. Multi-solitons, including 1-wave, 2-wave, and 3-wave solitons, have been successfully generated using...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Muhammad Bilal Riaz, Adil Jhangeer, Tomas Kozubek, Syeda Sarwat Kazmi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666818124003127
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846125100052512768
author Muhammad Bilal Riaz
Adil Jhangeer
Tomas Kozubek
Syeda Sarwat Kazmi
author_facet Muhammad Bilal Riaz
Adil Jhangeer
Tomas Kozubek
Syeda Sarwat Kazmi
author_sort Muhammad Bilal Riaz
collection DOAJ
description In this study, we investigate the deeper characteristics of the modified Ito equation, which can be applied across various scientific domains to represent systems influenced by noise and randomness. Multi-solitons, including 1-wave, 2-wave, and 3-wave solitons, have been successfully generated using a multiple exponential-function approach. For visual representation, the outcomes are displayed through 3D, 2D, density, and contour plots. The wave transformation is then applied to convert the studied model into an ordinary differential equation. Following this, the dynamic nature of the model is examined from various viewpoints, including bifurcation, chaotic phenomena, multistability, and sensitivity analysis. Bifurcation shows how the solution of a planar system depends on equilibrium points, and when an outward periodic force is implemented to the unperturbed planar system, it reveals chaotic characteristics. These are analyzed using tools such as 3-dimensional and 2-dimensional plots, time scale plots, and Poincaré maps. Additionally, the model’s sensitivity is assessed with varying initial values. The results underscore the effectiveness and relevance of the proposed approaches for examining solitons within a broad spectrum of nonlinear systems.
format Article
id doaj-art-6e40a9f7907b444ead00a893358efb0c
institution Kabale University
issn 2666-8181
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics
spelling doaj-art-6e40a9f7907b444ead00a893358efb0c2024-12-13T11:05:35ZengElsevierPartial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics2666-81812024-12-0112100926Investigating multi-soliton patterns and dynamical characteristics of the (3+1)-dimensional equation via phase portraitsMuhammad Bilal Riaz0Adil Jhangeer1Tomas Kozubek2Syeda Sarwat Kazmi3IT4Innovations, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Byblos, LebanonIT4Innovations, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech RepublicIT4Innovations, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech RepublicIT4Innovations, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic; Corresponding author.In this study, we investigate the deeper characteristics of the modified Ito equation, which can be applied across various scientific domains to represent systems influenced by noise and randomness. Multi-solitons, including 1-wave, 2-wave, and 3-wave solitons, have been successfully generated using a multiple exponential-function approach. For visual representation, the outcomes are displayed through 3D, 2D, density, and contour plots. The wave transformation is then applied to convert the studied model into an ordinary differential equation. Following this, the dynamic nature of the model is examined from various viewpoints, including bifurcation, chaotic phenomena, multistability, and sensitivity analysis. Bifurcation shows how the solution of a planar system depends on equilibrium points, and when an outward periodic force is implemented to the unperturbed planar system, it reveals chaotic characteristics. These are analyzed using tools such as 3-dimensional and 2-dimensional plots, time scale plots, and Poincaré maps. Additionally, the model’s sensitivity is assessed with varying initial values. The results underscore the effectiveness and relevance of the proposed approaches for examining solitons within a broad spectrum of nonlinear systems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666818124003127The (3+1)-dimensional Ito equationMultiple exponential-function approachBifurcation analysisChaos theorySensitivity analysis
spellingShingle Muhammad Bilal Riaz
Adil Jhangeer
Tomas Kozubek
Syeda Sarwat Kazmi
Investigating multi-soliton patterns and dynamical characteristics of the (3+1)-dimensional equation via phase portraits
Partial Differential Equations in Applied Mathematics
The (3+1)-dimensional Ito equation
Multiple exponential-function approach
Bifurcation analysis
Chaos theory
Sensitivity analysis
title Investigating multi-soliton patterns and dynamical characteristics of the (3+1)-dimensional equation via phase portraits
title_full Investigating multi-soliton patterns and dynamical characteristics of the (3+1)-dimensional equation via phase portraits
title_fullStr Investigating multi-soliton patterns and dynamical characteristics of the (3+1)-dimensional equation via phase portraits
title_full_unstemmed Investigating multi-soliton patterns and dynamical characteristics of the (3+1)-dimensional equation via phase portraits
title_short Investigating multi-soliton patterns and dynamical characteristics of the (3+1)-dimensional equation via phase portraits
title_sort investigating multi soliton patterns and dynamical characteristics of the 3 1 dimensional equation via phase portraits
topic The (3+1)-dimensional Ito equation
Multiple exponential-function approach
Bifurcation analysis
Chaos theory
Sensitivity analysis
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666818124003127
work_keys_str_mv AT muhammadbilalriaz investigatingmultisolitonpatternsanddynamicalcharacteristicsofthe31dimensionalequationviaphaseportraits
AT adiljhangeer investigatingmultisolitonpatternsanddynamicalcharacteristicsofthe31dimensionalequationviaphaseportraits
AT tomaskozubek investigatingmultisolitonpatternsanddynamicalcharacteristicsofthe31dimensionalequationviaphaseportraits
AT syedasarwatkazmi investigatingmultisolitonpatternsanddynamicalcharacteristicsofthe31dimensionalequationviaphaseportraits