Artificial Intelligence Applied in Early Prediction of Lower Limb Fracture Complications

<b>Background</b>: Artificial intelligence has become a valuable tool for diagnosing and detecting postoperative complications early. Through imaging and biochemical markers, clinicians can anticipate the clinical progression of patients and the risk of long-term complications that could...

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Main Authors: Aurelian-Dumitrache Anghele, Virginia Marina, Liliana Dragomir, Cosmina Alina Moscu, Iuliu Fulga, Mihaela Anghele, Cristina-Mihaela Popescu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-11-01
Series:Clinics and Practice
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2039-7283/14/6/197
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author Aurelian-Dumitrache Anghele
Virginia Marina
Liliana Dragomir
Cosmina Alina Moscu
Iuliu Fulga
Mihaela Anghele
Cristina-Mihaela Popescu
author_facet Aurelian-Dumitrache Anghele
Virginia Marina
Liliana Dragomir
Cosmina Alina Moscu
Iuliu Fulga
Mihaela Anghele
Cristina-Mihaela Popescu
author_sort Aurelian-Dumitrache Anghele
collection DOAJ
description <b>Background</b>: Artificial intelligence has become a valuable tool for diagnosing and detecting postoperative complications early. Through imaging and biochemical markers, clinicians can anticipate the clinical progression of patients and the risk of long-term complications that could impact the quality of life or even be life-threatening. In this context, artificial intelligence is crucial for identifying early signs of complications and enabling clinicians to take preventive measures before problems worsen. <b>Materials and methods</b><i>:</i> This observational study analyzed medical charts from the electronic archive of the Clinical Emergency Hospital in Galați, Romania, covering a four-year period from 2018 to 2022. A neural network model was developed to analyze various socio-demographic and paraclinical data. Key features included patient demographics, laboratory investigations, and clinical outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed to identify significant risk factors associated with deep venous thrombosis (DVT). <b>Results</b><i>:</i> The analysis revealed a higher prevalence of female patients (60.78%) compared to male patients, indicating a potential gender-related risk factor for DVT. The incidence of DVT was highest among patients aged 71 to 90 years, affecting 56.86% of individuals in this age group, suggesting that advanced age significantly contributes to the risk of developing DVT. Additionally, among the DVT patients, 15.69% had a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30, categorizing them as obese, which is known to increase the risk of thrombotic events. Furthermore, this study highlighted that the highest frequency of DVT was associated with femur fractures, occurring in 52% of patients with this type of injury. The neural network analysis indicated that elevated levels of direct bilirubin (≥1.5 mg/dL) and prothrombin activity (≤60%) were strong predictors of fracture-related complications, with sensitivity and specificity rates of 78% and 82%, respectively. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring these laboratory markers in at-risk populations for early intervention. <b>Conclusions</b><i>:</i> This study identified critical risk factors for developing DVT, including advanced age, high BMI, and femur fractures, which necessitate longer recovery periods. Additionally, the findings indicate that elevated direct bilirubin and prothrombin activity play a significant role in predicting DVT development. These results suggest that AI can effectively enhance the anticipation of clinical evolution in patients, aiding in early intervention and management strategies.
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spelling doaj-art-6dea7163be2645f3828e523c8a21133c2024-12-27T14:18:34ZengMDPI AGClinics and Practice2039-72832024-11-011462507252110.3390/clinpract14060197Artificial Intelligence Applied in Early Prediction of Lower Limb Fracture ComplicationsAurelian-Dumitrache Anghele0Virginia Marina1Liliana Dragomir2Cosmina Alina Moscu3Iuliu Fulga4Mihaela Anghele5Cristina-Mihaela Popescu6Doctoral School, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800201 Galati, RomaniaMedical Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800201 Galati, RomaniaClinical-Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800201 Galati, RomaniaDoctoral School, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800201 Galati, RomaniaDepartment of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800201 Galati, RomaniaClinical-Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800201 Galati, RomaniaDental-Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800201 Galați, Romania<b>Background</b>: Artificial intelligence has become a valuable tool for diagnosing and detecting postoperative complications early. Through imaging and biochemical markers, clinicians can anticipate the clinical progression of patients and the risk of long-term complications that could impact the quality of life or even be life-threatening. In this context, artificial intelligence is crucial for identifying early signs of complications and enabling clinicians to take preventive measures before problems worsen. <b>Materials and methods</b><i>:</i> This observational study analyzed medical charts from the electronic archive of the Clinical Emergency Hospital in Galați, Romania, covering a four-year period from 2018 to 2022. A neural network model was developed to analyze various socio-demographic and paraclinical data. Key features included patient demographics, laboratory investigations, and clinical outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed to identify significant risk factors associated with deep venous thrombosis (DVT). <b>Results</b><i>:</i> The analysis revealed a higher prevalence of female patients (60.78%) compared to male patients, indicating a potential gender-related risk factor for DVT. The incidence of DVT was highest among patients aged 71 to 90 years, affecting 56.86% of individuals in this age group, suggesting that advanced age significantly contributes to the risk of developing DVT. Additionally, among the DVT patients, 15.69% had a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30, categorizing them as obese, which is known to increase the risk of thrombotic events. Furthermore, this study highlighted that the highest frequency of DVT was associated with femur fractures, occurring in 52% of patients with this type of injury. The neural network analysis indicated that elevated levels of direct bilirubin (≥1.5 mg/dL) and prothrombin activity (≤60%) were strong predictors of fracture-related complications, with sensitivity and specificity rates of 78% and 82%, respectively. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring these laboratory markers in at-risk populations for early intervention. <b>Conclusions</b><i>:</i> This study identified critical risk factors for developing DVT, including advanced age, high BMI, and femur fractures, which necessitate longer recovery periods. Additionally, the findings indicate that elevated direct bilirubin and prothrombin activity play a significant role in predicting DVT development. These results suggest that AI can effectively enhance the anticipation of clinical evolution in patients, aiding in early intervention and management strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2039-7283/14/6/197thrombosisvenous thrombosisfemur fractureartificial intelligence
spellingShingle Aurelian-Dumitrache Anghele
Virginia Marina
Liliana Dragomir
Cosmina Alina Moscu
Iuliu Fulga
Mihaela Anghele
Cristina-Mihaela Popescu
Artificial Intelligence Applied in Early Prediction of Lower Limb Fracture Complications
Clinics and Practice
thrombosis
venous thrombosis
femur fracture
artificial intelligence
title Artificial Intelligence Applied in Early Prediction of Lower Limb Fracture Complications
title_full Artificial Intelligence Applied in Early Prediction of Lower Limb Fracture Complications
title_fullStr Artificial Intelligence Applied in Early Prediction of Lower Limb Fracture Complications
title_full_unstemmed Artificial Intelligence Applied in Early Prediction of Lower Limb Fracture Complications
title_short Artificial Intelligence Applied in Early Prediction of Lower Limb Fracture Complications
title_sort artificial intelligence applied in early prediction of lower limb fracture complications
topic thrombosis
venous thrombosis
femur fracture
artificial intelligence
url https://www.mdpi.com/2039-7283/14/6/197
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