Using Legume-Enriched Cover Crops to Improve Grape Yield and Quality in Hillside Vineyards

Natural covering (NATC) has spread on hillside vineyards of central Italy as a replacement for tillage to reduce soil erosion, although it increased nitrogen and water needs. Therefore, in the current context of global warming, using cover crops (CCs) that require less water and provide nitrogen bec...

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Main Authors: Oriana Silvestroni, Edoardo Dottori, Luca Pallotti, Tania Lattanzi, Rodolfo Santilocchi, Vania Lanari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Agronomy
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/11/2528
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author Oriana Silvestroni
Edoardo Dottori
Luca Pallotti
Tania Lattanzi
Rodolfo Santilocchi
Vania Lanari
author_facet Oriana Silvestroni
Edoardo Dottori
Luca Pallotti
Tania Lattanzi
Rodolfo Santilocchi
Vania Lanari
author_sort Oriana Silvestroni
collection DOAJ
description Natural covering (NATC) has spread on hillside vineyards of central Italy as a replacement for tillage to reduce soil erosion, although it increased nitrogen and water needs. Therefore, in the current context of global warming, using cover crops (CCs) that require less water and provide nitrogen becomes crucial. The effects of two low-competition legume-enriched CCs in a rainfed hillside vineyard—a perennial legume–grass mixture (PLGM) and an annual legume cover crop of <i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> (ALTA)—were compared with NATC over three years. PLGM and ALTA provided good levels of soil coverage, slightly lower than NATC, which had a negligible presence of legumes. PLGM and ALTA, due to low competition, enhanced vine vigor, resulting in thicker and wider canopies (as indicated by total leaf area and leaf layer number), higher pruning weight, and increased yield. PLGM and ALTA led to good qualitative levels, with higher grapes acidities, lower pH and total soluble solids content and, additionally, significantly higher yeast assimilable nitrogen content. In conclusion, implementing low-competition legume species in CCs is an effective tool to avoid soil erosion in a climate change scenario, leading to increased productivity, higher acidity, and improved nitrogen content in the grapes.
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spelling doaj-art-6dbcf18dab1b4a6a80781688dc90f7dd2024-11-26T17:44:19ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952024-10-011411252810.3390/agronomy14112528Using Legume-Enriched Cover Crops to Improve Grape Yield and Quality in Hillside VineyardsOriana Silvestroni0Edoardo Dottori1Luca Pallotti2Tania Lattanzi3Rodolfo Santilocchi4Vania Lanari5Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences Department, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyAgricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences Department, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyAgricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences Department, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyAgricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences Department, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyAgricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences Department, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyAgricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences Department, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, ItalyNatural covering (NATC) has spread on hillside vineyards of central Italy as a replacement for tillage to reduce soil erosion, although it increased nitrogen and water needs. Therefore, in the current context of global warming, using cover crops (CCs) that require less water and provide nitrogen becomes crucial. The effects of two low-competition legume-enriched CCs in a rainfed hillside vineyard—a perennial legume–grass mixture (PLGM) and an annual legume cover crop of <i>Trifolium alexandrinum</i> (ALTA)—were compared with NATC over three years. PLGM and ALTA provided good levels of soil coverage, slightly lower than NATC, which had a negligible presence of legumes. PLGM and ALTA, due to low competition, enhanced vine vigor, resulting in thicker and wider canopies (as indicated by total leaf area and leaf layer number), higher pruning weight, and increased yield. PLGM and ALTA led to good qualitative levels, with higher grapes acidities, lower pH and total soluble solids content and, additionally, significantly higher yeast assimilable nitrogen content. In conclusion, implementing low-competition legume species in CCs is an effective tool to avoid soil erosion in a climate change scenario, leading to increased productivity, higher acidity, and improved nitrogen content in the grapes.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/11/2528legume speciescover cropssoil managementgrapevinevine vigorgrape production
spellingShingle Oriana Silvestroni
Edoardo Dottori
Luca Pallotti
Tania Lattanzi
Rodolfo Santilocchi
Vania Lanari
Using Legume-Enriched Cover Crops to Improve Grape Yield and Quality in Hillside Vineyards
Agronomy
legume species
cover crops
soil management
grapevine
vine vigor
grape production
title Using Legume-Enriched Cover Crops to Improve Grape Yield and Quality in Hillside Vineyards
title_full Using Legume-Enriched Cover Crops to Improve Grape Yield and Quality in Hillside Vineyards
title_fullStr Using Legume-Enriched Cover Crops to Improve Grape Yield and Quality in Hillside Vineyards
title_full_unstemmed Using Legume-Enriched Cover Crops to Improve Grape Yield and Quality in Hillside Vineyards
title_short Using Legume-Enriched Cover Crops to Improve Grape Yield and Quality in Hillside Vineyards
title_sort using legume enriched cover crops to improve grape yield and quality in hillside vineyards
topic legume species
cover crops
soil management
grapevine
vine vigor
grape production
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/11/2528
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