Acute effects of commercial energy drink consumption on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial
The aim of this study was to examine the acute effects of a non-caloric energy drink (C4E) compared to a traditional sugar-containing energy drink (MED) and non-caloric placebo (PLA) on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety. Thirty healthy, physically active males (25 ± 4 y) completed three...
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Taylor & Francis Group
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15502783.2023.2297988 |
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| author | Nile F. Banks Emily M. Rogers Nate J. Helwig Laura E. Schwager Justin P. Alpers Sydni L. Schulte Emma R. Trachta Christopher M. Lockwood Nathaniel D.M. Jenkins |
| author_facet | Nile F. Banks Emily M. Rogers Nate J. Helwig Laura E. Schwager Justin P. Alpers Sydni L. Schulte Emma R. Trachta Christopher M. Lockwood Nathaniel D.M. Jenkins |
| author_sort | Nile F. Banks |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to examine the acute effects of a non-caloric energy drink (C4E) compared to a traditional sugar-containing energy drink (MED) and non-caloric placebo (PLA) on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety. Thirty healthy, physically active males (25 ± 4 y) completed three experimental visits under semi-fasted conditions (5–10 h) and in randomized order, during which they consumed C4E, MED, or PLA matched for volume, appearance, taste, and mouthfeel. One hour after drink consumption, participants completed a maximal, graded exercise test (GXT) with measurement of pulmonary gases, an isometric leg extension fatigue test (ISOFTG), and had their cardiac electrical activity (ECG), leg blood flow (LBF), and blood pressure (BP) measured throughout the visit. Neither MED nor C4E had an ergogenic effect on maximal oxygen consumption, time to exhaustion, or peak power during the GXT (p > 0.05). Compared to PLA, MED reduced fat oxidation (respiratory exchange ratio (RER) +0.030 ± 0.01; p = 0.026) during the GXT and did not influence ISOFTG performance. Compared to PLA, C4E did not alter RER (p = 0.94) and improved impulse during the ISOFTG (+0.658 ± 0.25 V·s; p = 0.032). Relative to MED, C4E did not significantly improve gas exchange threshold (p = 0.05–0.07). Both MED and C4E increased systolic BP at rest (+7.1 ± 1.2 mmHg; p < 0.001 and + 5.7 ± 1.0 mmHg; p < 0.001, respectively), C4E increased SBP post-GXT (+13.3 ± 3.8 mmHg; p < 0.001), and MED increased SBP during recovery (+3.2 ± 1.1 mmHg; p < 0.001). Neither MED nor C4E influenced ECG measures (p ≥ 0.08) or LBF (p = 0.37) compared to PLA. C4E may be more efficacious for improving performance in resistance-type tasks without altering fat oxidation under semi-fasted conditions during fatiguing exercise bouts, but promotes similar changes in BP and HR to MED. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6dae7a3f985046abb753294bc95a8c11 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1550-2783 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-6dae7a3f985046abb753294bc95a8c112024-12-12T06:10:58ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition1550-27832024-12-0121110.1080/15502783.2023.2297988Acute effects of commercial energy drink consumption on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trialNile F. Banks0Emily M. Rogers1Nate J. Helwig2Laura E. Schwager3Justin P. Alpers4Sydni L. Schulte5Emma R. Trachta6Christopher M. Lockwood7Nathaniel D.M. Jenkins8University of Iowa, Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USAUniversity of Iowa, Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USAUniversity of Iowa, Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USAUniversity of Iowa, Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USAUniversity of Iowa, Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USAUniversity of Iowa, Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USAUniversity of Iowa, Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USADr. Chris Lockwood, LLC, Casper, WY, USAUniversity of Iowa, Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USAThe aim of this study was to examine the acute effects of a non-caloric energy drink (C4E) compared to a traditional sugar-containing energy drink (MED) and non-caloric placebo (PLA) on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety. Thirty healthy, physically active males (25 ± 4 y) completed three experimental visits under semi-fasted conditions (5–10 h) and in randomized order, during which they consumed C4E, MED, or PLA matched for volume, appearance, taste, and mouthfeel. One hour after drink consumption, participants completed a maximal, graded exercise test (GXT) with measurement of pulmonary gases, an isometric leg extension fatigue test (ISOFTG), and had their cardiac electrical activity (ECG), leg blood flow (LBF), and blood pressure (BP) measured throughout the visit. Neither MED nor C4E had an ergogenic effect on maximal oxygen consumption, time to exhaustion, or peak power during the GXT (p > 0.05). Compared to PLA, MED reduced fat oxidation (respiratory exchange ratio (RER) +0.030 ± 0.01; p = 0.026) during the GXT and did not influence ISOFTG performance. Compared to PLA, C4E did not alter RER (p = 0.94) and improved impulse during the ISOFTG (+0.658 ± 0.25 V·s; p = 0.032). Relative to MED, C4E did not significantly improve gas exchange threshold (p = 0.05–0.07). Both MED and C4E increased systolic BP at rest (+7.1 ± 1.2 mmHg; p < 0.001 and + 5.7 ± 1.0 mmHg; p < 0.001, respectively), C4E increased SBP post-GXT (+13.3 ± 3.8 mmHg; p < 0.001), and MED increased SBP during recovery (+3.2 ± 1.1 mmHg; p < 0.001). Neither MED nor C4E influenced ECG measures (p ≥ 0.08) or LBF (p = 0.37) compared to PLA. C4E may be more efficacious for improving performance in resistance-type tasks without altering fat oxidation under semi-fasted conditions during fatiguing exercise bouts, but promotes similar changes in BP and HR to MED.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15502783.2023.2297988Caffeinemaximal oxygen uptakemuscular enduranceblood pressureventricular repolarization |
| spellingShingle | Nile F. Banks Emily M. Rogers Nate J. Helwig Laura E. Schwager Justin P. Alpers Sydni L. Schulte Emma R. Trachta Christopher M. Lockwood Nathaniel D.M. Jenkins Acute effects of commercial energy drink consumption on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition Caffeine maximal oxygen uptake muscular endurance blood pressure ventricular repolarization |
| title | Acute effects of commercial energy drink consumption on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial |
| title_full | Acute effects of commercial energy drink consumption on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial |
| title_fullStr | Acute effects of commercial energy drink consumption on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute effects of commercial energy drink consumption on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial |
| title_short | Acute effects of commercial energy drink consumption on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial |
| title_sort | acute effects of commercial energy drink consumption on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety a randomized double blind placebo controlled crossover trial |
| topic | Caffeine maximal oxygen uptake muscular endurance blood pressure ventricular repolarization |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/15502783.2023.2297988 |
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