Predictors of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Failure in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Respiratory support in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) plays an important role in the reduction of mortality and complications, but the treatment fails in some infants. This study aimed to identify the predictors of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) failure in preterm infa...

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Main Authors: Rozhin Hesami, Mohammad Kazem Sabzehei, Behnaz Basiri, Maryam Shokouhi Solgi, Nasrin Jiryaee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2024-10-01
Series:Acta Medica Iranica
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Online Access:https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11227
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author Rozhin Hesami
Mohammad Kazem Sabzehei
Behnaz Basiri
Maryam Shokouhi Solgi
Nasrin Jiryaee
author_facet Rozhin Hesami
Mohammad Kazem Sabzehei
Behnaz Basiri
Maryam Shokouhi Solgi
Nasrin Jiryaee
author_sort Rozhin Hesami
collection DOAJ
description Respiratory support in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) plays an important role in the reduction of mortality and complications, but the treatment fails in some infants. This study aimed to identify the predictors of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) failure in preterm infants with RDS. This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on RDS-diagnosed preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Fatemieh Hospital (Hamadan city) in 2021-2022. The infants were examined in terms of risk factors for CPAP failure. Data extracted from the medical records were recorded in a checklist and analyzed with SPSS version 21 software at a confidence level of 95%. CPAP failure was recorded in 37.6% of the studied 202 infants. The need for resuscitation at birth, low gestational age, low birth weight, multiple births, low 1-min and 5-min Apgar scores, the need for higher FIO2 and PEEP, acidosis, and the need for surfactant administration were significantly associated with CPAP failure. In logistic regression, low gestational age (OR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.082-1.576) and the need for resuscitation at birth (OR 0.426, 95% CI: 0.202-0.898) were the major predictors of CPAP failure. Lower gestational age and the need for PPV in the delivery room are good predictors of CPAP failure in preterm infants with RDS, who receive nasal CPAP as primary respiratory support.
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spelling doaj-art-6d9c8b1c14bf4121959f694bde1b56fa2024-12-08T04:32:04ZengTehran University of Medical SciencesActa Medica Iranica0044-60251735-96942024-10-0162110.18502/acta.v62i1.16884Predictors of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Failure in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress SyndromeRozhin Hesami0Mohammad Kazem Sabzehei1Behnaz Basiri2Maryam Shokouhi Solgi3Nasrin Jiryaee4School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Respiratory support in infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) plays an important role in the reduction of mortality and complications, but the treatment fails in some infants. This study aimed to identify the predictors of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) failure in preterm infants with RDS. This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on RDS-diagnosed preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Fatemieh Hospital (Hamadan city) in 2021-2022. The infants were examined in terms of risk factors for CPAP failure. Data extracted from the medical records were recorded in a checklist and analyzed with SPSS version 21 software at a confidence level of 95%. CPAP failure was recorded in 37.6% of the studied 202 infants. The need for resuscitation at birth, low gestational age, low birth weight, multiple births, low 1-min and 5-min Apgar scores, the need for higher FIO2 and PEEP, acidosis, and the need for surfactant administration were significantly associated with CPAP failure. In logistic regression, low gestational age (OR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.082-1.576) and the need for resuscitation at birth (OR 0.426, 95% CI: 0.202-0.898) were the major predictors of CPAP failure. Lower gestational age and the need for PPV in the delivery room are good predictors of CPAP failure in preterm infants with RDS, who receive nasal CPAP as primary respiratory support. https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11227Preterm infantsRespiratory distress syndromContinuous positive airway pressure
spellingShingle Rozhin Hesami
Mohammad Kazem Sabzehei
Behnaz Basiri
Maryam Shokouhi Solgi
Nasrin Jiryaee
Predictors of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Failure in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Acta Medica Iranica
Preterm infants
Respiratory distress syndrom
Continuous positive airway pressure
title Predictors of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Failure in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
title_full Predictors of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Failure in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
title_fullStr Predictors of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Failure in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed Predictors of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Failure in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
title_short Predictors of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Failure in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome
title_sort predictors of nasal continuous positive airway pressure failure in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome
topic Preterm infants
Respiratory distress syndrom
Continuous positive airway pressure
url https://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/11227
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