Association between diet protein score comprising plants to animal protein ratio and body composition in an Iranian population

Abstract Obesity is increasingly recognized as a leading cause of death and is associated with various comorbidities. This study evaluates the relationship between protein score, characterized by the plant-to-animal protein ratio (PAR) and total protein per calorie (Pro%), and body composition: fat...

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Main Authors: Manoochehr Amin Amlashi, Amirhosein Jafarpour, Marzieh Hafezi Eirdmousa, Reza Homayounfar, Mojtaba Farjam, Alireza Askari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79982-z
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author Manoochehr Amin Amlashi
Amirhosein Jafarpour
Marzieh Hafezi Eirdmousa
Reza Homayounfar
Mojtaba Farjam
Alireza Askari
author_facet Manoochehr Amin Amlashi
Amirhosein Jafarpour
Marzieh Hafezi Eirdmousa
Reza Homayounfar
Mojtaba Farjam
Alireza Askari
author_sort Manoochehr Amin Amlashi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Obesity is increasingly recognized as a leading cause of death and is associated with various comorbidities. This study evaluates the relationship between protein score, characterized by the plant-to-animal protein ratio (PAR) and total protein per calorie (Pro%), and body composition: fat percentage (FATP), fat mass (FATM), and fat-free mass (FFM). We categorized 4512 individuals (55.2% female) into tertiles based on their protein score and its components. Male participants in the highest and middle protein score tertiles exhibited significantly greater FFM in both adjusted and crude models, and lower FATP and FATM in adjusted model 2. FFM was elevated in the top (P < 0.001) and middle (P = 0.002) Pro% tertiles in males in both adjusted models and only in the top tertile of all models in females (P = 0.003). The analysis of male participants revealed significantly lower FATP and FATM in the highest tertiles of Pro% in adjusted models. Among female participants, only the highest PAR tertile was associated with significantly lower FATM in adjusted model 1 (P = 0.042). Our findings indicate that protein score and its components are associated with favorable body composition differences. Health administrators may leverage these insights to refine dietary guidelines.
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spelling doaj-art-6bf41375c1ac45cfa3a28e8156a622c12024-11-17T12:24:03ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-11-0114111110.1038/s41598-024-79982-zAssociation between diet protein score comprising plants to animal protein ratio and body composition in an Iranian populationManoochehr Amin Amlashi0Amirhosein Jafarpour1Marzieh Hafezi Eirdmousa2Reza Homayounfar3Mojtaba Farjam4Alireza Askari5Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityFaculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesNoncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical SciencesBone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Yahyaeian Orthopedics Hospital, Iran University of Medical SciencesAbstract Obesity is increasingly recognized as a leading cause of death and is associated with various comorbidities. This study evaluates the relationship between protein score, characterized by the plant-to-animal protein ratio (PAR) and total protein per calorie (Pro%), and body composition: fat percentage (FATP), fat mass (FATM), and fat-free mass (FFM). We categorized 4512 individuals (55.2% female) into tertiles based on their protein score and its components. Male participants in the highest and middle protein score tertiles exhibited significantly greater FFM in both adjusted and crude models, and lower FATP and FATM in adjusted model 2. FFM was elevated in the top (P < 0.001) and middle (P = 0.002) Pro% tertiles in males in both adjusted models and only in the top tertile of all models in females (P = 0.003). The analysis of male participants revealed significantly lower FATP and FATM in the highest tertiles of Pro% in adjusted models. Among female participants, only the highest PAR tertile was associated with significantly lower FATM in adjusted model 1 (P = 0.042). Our findings indicate that protein score and its components are associated with favorable body composition differences. Health administrators may leverage these insights to refine dietary guidelines.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79982-zObesityBody compositionProteinPlants proteinAnimal proteinBody composition
spellingShingle Manoochehr Amin Amlashi
Amirhosein Jafarpour
Marzieh Hafezi Eirdmousa
Reza Homayounfar
Mojtaba Farjam
Alireza Askari
Association between diet protein score comprising plants to animal protein ratio and body composition in an Iranian population
Scientific Reports
Obesity
Body composition
Protein
Plants protein
Animal protein
Body composition
title Association between diet protein score comprising plants to animal protein ratio and body composition in an Iranian population
title_full Association between diet protein score comprising plants to animal protein ratio and body composition in an Iranian population
title_fullStr Association between diet protein score comprising plants to animal protein ratio and body composition in an Iranian population
title_full_unstemmed Association between diet protein score comprising plants to animal protein ratio and body composition in an Iranian population
title_short Association between diet protein score comprising plants to animal protein ratio and body composition in an Iranian population
title_sort association between diet protein score comprising plants to animal protein ratio and body composition in an iranian population
topic Obesity
Body composition
Protein
Plants protein
Animal protein
Body composition
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-79982-z
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