Salivary gland protective and antiinflammatory effects of genistein in Sjögren’s syndrome by inhibiting Xist/ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis following binding to estrogen receptor-alpha
Abstract Background Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease with limited effective treatment options. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism by which genistein–estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) complex targets X-inactive specific transcript (Xist) then leads to the inhibition of f...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s11658-024-00667-6 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849220655274262528 |
|---|---|
| author | Tianjiao Mao Wei Wei Bo Chen Yixin Chen Shuqi Liang Guiping Chen Zhuoyuan Liu Xiaodan Wu Lihong Wu Xiaomeng Li Nobumoto Watanabe Kevin H. Mayo Janak L. Pathak Jiang Li |
| author_facet | Tianjiao Mao Wei Wei Bo Chen Yixin Chen Shuqi Liang Guiping Chen Zhuoyuan Liu Xiaodan Wu Lihong Wu Xiaomeng Li Nobumoto Watanabe Kevin H. Mayo Janak L. Pathak Jiang Li |
| author_sort | Tianjiao Mao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease with limited effective treatment options. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism by which genistein–estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) complex targets X-inactive specific transcript (Xist) then leads to the inhibition of ferroptosis by regulating acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) expression in salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) to attenuate SS. Methods The effects of genistein treatment on the progression and underlying mechanism of SS were investigated using nondiabetic obese (NOD)/LtJ mice in vivo and Interferon-γ (IFNγ)-treated SGECs in vitro. Water intake and saliva flow rate were measured to evaluate the severity of xerostomia. Hematoxylin–eosin staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted to examine the pathological lesions. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to evaluate the protein expression. RNA sequencing and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization were employed to verify the relationship between Xist and ACSL4. Surface plasmon resonance, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics were used to investigate the binding between genistein and ERα. Furthermore, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to analyze ERα–XIST promoter interactions. The levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, Fe2+, and mitochondrial changes were measured to evaluate ferroptosis of SGECs. Results In NOD/LtJ mice, a ferroptosis phenotype was observed in salivary glands, characterized by downregulated Xist and upregulated X chromosome inactivation gene Acsl4. Genistein significantly alleviated SS symptoms, upregulated the Xist gene, and downregulated Acsl4 expression. Genistein upregulated Xist expression in the salivary gland of NOD/LtJ mice via the ERα signaling pathway. It downregulated Acsl4 and ferroptosis in the salivary glands of NOD/LtJ mice. IFNγ-treatment induced inflammation and ferroptosis in SGECs. Genistein binding to ERα upregulated XIST, and aquaporin 5 expression, downregulated ACSL4, and SS antigen B expression, and reversed ferroptosis in SGECs. Genistein mitigated inflammation and ferroptosis in SGECs by upregulated-XIST-mediated ACSL4 gene silencing. Conclusions Genistein binding to ERα targets Xist, leading to inhibiting ferroptosis by regulating ACSL4 expression in SGECs. This finding provides evidence for genistein as a treatment for SS and identifies Xist as a novel drug target for SS drug development, offering great promise for improving SS outcomes. Graphical Abstract |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6bebd847a44849fcbe01a345c237a6f6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1689-1392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-6bebd847a44849fcbe01a345c237a6f62024-12-08T12:37:26ZengBMCCellular & Molecular Biology Letters1689-13922024-12-0129111910.1186/s11658-024-00667-6Salivary gland protective and antiinflammatory effects of genistein in Sjögren’s syndrome by inhibiting Xist/ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis following binding to estrogen receptor-alphaTianjiao Mao0Wei Wei1Bo Chen2Yixin Chen3Shuqi Liang4Guiping Chen5Zhuoyuan Liu6Xiaodan Wu7Lihong Wu8Xiaomeng Li9Nobumoto Watanabe10Kevin H. Mayo11Janak L. Pathak12Jiang Li13School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin UniversitySchool and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical UniversitySchool and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical UniversitySchool and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical UniversitySchool and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical UniversitySchool and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical UniversitySchool and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical UniversitySchool and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical UniversityKingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical UniversityBioprobe Application Research Unit, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceBiochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, Health Sciences Center, University of MinnesotaSchool and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical UniversitySchool and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Medical UniversityAbstract Background Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease with limited effective treatment options. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism by which genistein–estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) complex targets X-inactive specific transcript (Xist) then leads to the inhibition of ferroptosis by regulating acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) expression in salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) to attenuate SS. Methods The effects of genistein treatment on the progression and underlying mechanism of SS were investigated using nondiabetic obese (NOD)/LtJ mice in vivo and Interferon-γ (IFNγ)-treated SGECs in vitro. Water intake and saliva flow rate were measured to evaluate the severity of xerostomia. Hematoxylin–eosin staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were conducted to examine the pathological lesions. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis were used to evaluate the protein expression. RNA sequencing and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization were employed to verify the relationship between Xist and ACSL4. Surface plasmon resonance, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics were used to investigate the binding between genistein and ERα. Furthermore, a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to analyze ERα–XIST promoter interactions. The levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, Fe2+, and mitochondrial changes were measured to evaluate ferroptosis of SGECs. Results In NOD/LtJ mice, a ferroptosis phenotype was observed in salivary glands, characterized by downregulated Xist and upregulated X chromosome inactivation gene Acsl4. Genistein significantly alleviated SS symptoms, upregulated the Xist gene, and downregulated Acsl4 expression. Genistein upregulated Xist expression in the salivary gland of NOD/LtJ mice via the ERα signaling pathway. It downregulated Acsl4 and ferroptosis in the salivary glands of NOD/LtJ mice. IFNγ-treatment induced inflammation and ferroptosis in SGECs. Genistein binding to ERα upregulated XIST, and aquaporin 5 expression, downregulated ACSL4, and SS antigen B expression, and reversed ferroptosis in SGECs. Genistein mitigated inflammation and ferroptosis in SGECs by upregulated-XIST-mediated ACSL4 gene silencing. Conclusions Genistein binding to ERα targets Xist, leading to inhibiting ferroptosis by regulating ACSL4 expression in SGECs. This finding provides evidence for genistein as a treatment for SS and identifies Xist as a novel drug target for SS drug development, offering great promise for improving SS outcomes. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s11658-024-00667-6GenisteinSjögren’s syndromeSalivary gland epithelial cellsFerroptosisXISTACSL4 |
| spellingShingle | Tianjiao Mao Wei Wei Bo Chen Yixin Chen Shuqi Liang Guiping Chen Zhuoyuan Liu Xiaodan Wu Lihong Wu Xiaomeng Li Nobumoto Watanabe Kevin H. Mayo Janak L. Pathak Jiang Li Salivary gland protective and antiinflammatory effects of genistein in Sjögren’s syndrome by inhibiting Xist/ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis following binding to estrogen receptor-alpha Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters Genistein Sjögren’s syndrome Salivary gland epithelial cells Ferroptosis XIST ACSL4 |
| title | Salivary gland protective and antiinflammatory effects of genistein in Sjögren’s syndrome by inhibiting Xist/ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis following binding to estrogen receptor-alpha |
| title_full | Salivary gland protective and antiinflammatory effects of genistein in Sjögren’s syndrome by inhibiting Xist/ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis following binding to estrogen receptor-alpha |
| title_fullStr | Salivary gland protective and antiinflammatory effects of genistein in Sjögren’s syndrome by inhibiting Xist/ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis following binding to estrogen receptor-alpha |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salivary gland protective and antiinflammatory effects of genistein in Sjögren’s syndrome by inhibiting Xist/ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis following binding to estrogen receptor-alpha |
| title_short | Salivary gland protective and antiinflammatory effects of genistein in Sjögren’s syndrome by inhibiting Xist/ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis following binding to estrogen receptor-alpha |
| title_sort | salivary gland protective and antiinflammatory effects of genistein in sjogren s syndrome by inhibiting xist acsl4 mediated ferroptosis following binding to estrogen receptor alpha |
| topic | Genistein Sjögren’s syndrome Salivary gland epithelial cells Ferroptosis XIST ACSL4 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s11658-024-00667-6 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tianjiaomao salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT weiwei salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT bochen salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT yixinchen salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT shuqiliang salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT guipingchen salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT zhuoyuanliu salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT xiaodanwu salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT lihongwu salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT xiaomengli salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT nobumotowatanabe salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT kevinhmayo salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT janaklpathak salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha AT jiangli salivaryglandprotectiveandantiinflammatoryeffectsofgenisteininsjogrenssyndromebyinhibitingxistacsl4mediatedferroptosisfollowingbindingtoestrogenreceptoralpha |