The Coupling Coordination Relationship Between Urbanization and Ecosystem Health in the Yellow River Basin: A Spatial Heterogeneity Perspective

Understanding the socioecological nexus between urbanization and ecosystem health (EH) is crucial for formulating sustainable development policies. While prior research has focused on this topic, critical gaps persist in characterizing distributional polarization and decomposing inequality drivers w...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shanshan Guo, Junchang Huang, Xiaotong Xie, Xintian Guo, Yinghong Wang, Ling Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Land
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/4/801
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850143713706115072
author Shanshan Guo
Junchang Huang
Xiaotong Xie
Xintian Guo
Yinghong Wang
Ling Li
author_facet Shanshan Guo
Junchang Huang
Xiaotong Xie
Xintian Guo
Yinghong Wang
Ling Li
author_sort Shanshan Guo
collection DOAJ
description Understanding the socioecological nexus between urbanization and ecosystem health (EH) is crucial for formulating sustainable development policies. While prior research has focused on this topic, critical gaps persist in characterizing distributional polarization and decomposing inequality drivers within coupled human–environment systems—particularly in China’s Yellow River Basin (YRB), a strategic region undergoing concurrent ecological restoration and urbanization. The integration of the kernel density estimation and Theil index establishes a robust analytical framework to effectively overcome spatial heterogeneity limitations in regional disparity research. Therefore, this study combines the coupling coordination degree (<i>CCD</i>), nonparametric kernel density estimation, and Theil decomposition to examine the complex interactions between urbanization and the ecosystem health index (EHI) across 538 county-level units from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity. The key findings reveal the following: (1) Urbanization exhibited phased enhancement yet maintained elementary developmental stages overall, with a distinct spatial gradient descending from the eastern/central riparian counties to the western hinterlands. (2) The EHI showed a marginal upward trend, yet 80.29% of the counties persisted in the suboptimal ecological health categories (EHI-1 to EHI-3), with gains concentrated in high-vegetation mountainous areas (45.72%) versus declines in economically developed areas. (3) The <i>CCD</i> evolved from a mild imbalance (II-1) to low coordination (III-1) but with significant special differences—the midstream and downstream <i>CCD</i> improved markedly, while the upstream counties remained the weakest. (4) Intragroup disparities, particularly among the counties in the middle reaches, were the primary drivers of <i>CCD</i> disequilibrium across the YRB, contributing 87.9% to the overall inequality. In contrast, the downstream regions exhibited significant improvements in the coordination levels, accompanied by the emergence of distinct “multi-polarization” patterns. The findings provide refined and differentiated decision-making references for effectively narrowing the gap in coordinated development in the YRB.
format Article
id doaj-art-68c1f39dd8b64dea821b8656eca8e5a4
institution OA Journals
issn 2073-445X
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Land
spelling doaj-art-68c1f39dd8b64dea821b8656eca8e5a42025-08-20T02:28:37ZengMDPI AGLand2073-445X2025-04-0114480110.3390/land14040801The Coupling Coordination Relationship Between Urbanization and Ecosystem Health in the Yellow River Basin: A Spatial Heterogeneity PerspectiveShanshan Guo0Junchang Huang1Xiaotong Xie2Xintian Guo3Yinghong Wang4Ling Li5College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaSchool of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaUnderstanding the socioecological nexus between urbanization and ecosystem health (EH) is crucial for formulating sustainable development policies. While prior research has focused on this topic, critical gaps persist in characterizing distributional polarization and decomposing inequality drivers within coupled human–environment systems—particularly in China’s Yellow River Basin (YRB), a strategic region undergoing concurrent ecological restoration and urbanization. The integration of the kernel density estimation and Theil index establishes a robust analytical framework to effectively overcome spatial heterogeneity limitations in regional disparity research. Therefore, this study combines the coupling coordination degree (<i>CCD</i>), nonparametric kernel density estimation, and Theil decomposition to examine the complex interactions between urbanization and the ecosystem health index (EHI) across 538 county-level units from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity. The key findings reveal the following: (1) Urbanization exhibited phased enhancement yet maintained elementary developmental stages overall, with a distinct spatial gradient descending from the eastern/central riparian counties to the western hinterlands. (2) The EHI showed a marginal upward trend, yet 80.29% of the counties persisted in the suboptimal ecological health categories (EHI-1 to EHI-3), with gains concentrated in high-vegetation mountainous areas (45.72%) versus declines in economically developed areas. (3) The <i>CCD</i> evolved from a mild imbalance (II-1) to low coordination (III-1) but with significant special differences—the midstream and downstream <i>CCD</i> improved markedly, while the upstream counties remained the weakest. (4) Intragroup disparities, particularly among the counties in the middle reaches, were the primary drivers of <i>CCD</i> disequilibrium across the YRB, contributing 87.9% to the overall inequality. In contrast, the downstream regions exhibited significant improvements in the coordination levels, accompanied by the emergence of distinct “multi-polarization” patterns. The findings provide refined and differentiated decision-making references for effectively narrowing the gap in coordinated development in the YRB.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/4/801county-level urbanizationecosystem healthcoupling coordinationspatial heterogeneityYellow River Basin
spellingShingle Shanshan Guo
Junchang Huang
Xiaotong Xie
Xintian Guo
Yinghong Wang
Ling Li
The Coupling Coordination Relationship Between Urbanization and Ecosystem Health in the Yellow River Basin: A Spatial Heterogeneity Perspective
Land
county-level urbanization
ecosystem health
coupling coordination
spatial heterogeneity
Yellow River Basin
title The Coupling Coordination Relationship Between Urbanization and Ecosystem Health in the Yellow River Basin: A Spatial Heterogeneity Perspective
title_full The Coupling Coordination Relationship Between Urbanization and Ecosystem Health in the Yellow River Basin: A Spatial Heterogeneity Perspective
title_fullStr The Coupling Coordination Relationship Between Urbanization and Ecosystem Health in the Yellow River Basin: A Spatial Heterogeneity Perspective
title_full_unstemmed The Coupling Coordination Relationship Between Urbanization and Ecosystem Health in the Yellow River Basin: A Spatial Heterogeneity Perspective
title_short The Coupling Coordination Relationship Between Urbanization and Ecosystem Health in the Yellow River Basin: A Spatial Heterogeneity Perspective
title_sort coupling coordination relationship between urbanization and ecosystem health in the yellow river basin a spatial heterogeneity perspective
topic county-level urbanization
ecosystem health
coupling coordination
spatial heterogeneity
Yellow River Basin
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/4/801
work_keys_str_mv AT shanshanguo thecouplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT junchanghuang thecouplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT xiaotongxie thecouplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT xintianguo thecouplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT yinghongwang thecouplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT lingli thecouplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT shanshanguo couplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT junchanghuang couplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT xiaotongxie couplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT xintianguo couplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT yinghongwang couplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective
AT lingli couplingcoordinationrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandecosystemhealthintheyellowriverbasinaspatialheterogeneityperspective