Gradual reputation dynamics evolve and sustain cooperation in indirect reciprocity.

Humans have achieved widespread cooperation, largely sustained by mechanisms such as indirect reciprocity, which relies on reputation and social norms. People are highly motivated to maintain a good reputation, and social norms play a critical role in reputation systems by defining acceptable behavi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hitoshi Yamamoto, Isamu Okada, Takahisa Suzuki
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0329742
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849228155638775808
author Hitoshi Yamamoto
Isamu Okada
Takahisa Suzuki
author_facet Hitoshi Yamamoto
Isamu Okada
Takahisa Suzuki
author_sort Hitoshi Yamamoto
collection DOAJ
description Humans have achieved widespread cooperation, largely sustained by mechanisms such as indirect reciprocity, which relies on reputation and social norms. People are highly motivated to maintain a good reputation, and social norms play a critical role in reputation systems by defining acceptable behavior, helping prevent exploitation by free-riders. However, there is a gap between theory and experiment in handling reputation information, with experiments often failing to capture the complexity that theoretical models propose. Here, we address two key issues: what kind of information is needed to define reputation as a social norm and the appropriate level of granularity required for reputation information to function effectively. This paper combines scenario-based experiments and evolutionary game theory to investigate the social norms individuals adopt in real-world settings, aiming to uncover the stability of these norms. Our results show that reputations should be categorized into three levels good, neutral, and bad. Results suggest gradual reputation dynamics that increase and decrease gradually due to cooperation or defection. However, a person's reputation remains unchanged only when they defect against a bad reputation. Our experimental and theoretical results support critical insights into the dynamics of reputation and social norms within indirect reciprocity, challenging traditional binary reputational evaluations. The gradual nature of reputation updating and the use of nuanced evaluations provide a more realistic model of reputation dynamics.
format Article
id doaj-art-680adba047324b7188d72bed1a2f735c
institution Kabale University
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-680adba047324b7188d72bed1a2f735c2025-08-23T05:31:54ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01208e032974210.1371/journal.pone.0329742Gradual reputation dynamics evolve and sustain cooperation in indirect reciprocity.Hitoshi YamamotoIsamu OkadaTakahisa SuzukiHumans have achieved widespread cooperation, largely sustained by mechanisms such as indirect reciprocity, which relies on reputation and social norms. People are highly motivated to maintain a good reputation, and social norms play a critical role in reputation systems by defining acceptable behavior, helping prevent exploitation by free-riders. However, there is a gap between theory and experiment in handling reputation information, with experiments often failing to capture the complexity that theoretical models propose. Here, we address two key issues: what kind of information is needed to define reputation as a social norm and the appropriate level of granularity required for reputation information to function effectively. This paper combines scenario-based experiments and evolutionary game theory to investigate the social norms individuals adopt in real-world settings, aiming to uncover the stability of these norms. Our results show that reputations should be categorized into three levels good, neutral, and bad. Results suggest gradual reputation dynamics that increase and decrease gradually due to cooperation or defection. However, a person's reputation remains unchanged only when they defect against a bad reputation. Our experimental and theoretical results support critical insights into the dynamics of reputation and social norms within indirect reciprocity, challenging traditional binary reputational evaluations. The gradual nature of reputation updating and the use of nuanced evaluations provide a more realistic model of reputation dynamics.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0329742
spellingShingle Hitoshi Yamamoto
Isamu Okada
Takahisa Suzuki
Gradual reputation dynamics evolve and sustain cooperation in indirect reciprocity.
PLoS ONE
title Gradual reputation dynamics evolve and sustain cooperation in indirect reciprocity.
title_full Gradual reputation dynamics evolve and sustain cooperation in indirect reciprocity.
title_fullStr Gradual reputation dynamics evolve and sustain cooperation in indirect reciprocity.
title_full_unstemmed Gradual reputation dynamics evolve and sustain cooperation in indirect reciprocity.
title_short Gradual reputation dynamics evolve and sustain cooperation in indirect reciprocity.
title_sort gradual reputation dynamics evolve and sustain cooperation in indirect reciprocity
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0329742
work_keys_str_mv AT hitoshiyamamoto gradualreputationdynamicsevolveandsustaincooperationinindirectreciprocity
AT isamuokada gradualreputationdynamicsevolveandsustaincooperationinindirectreciprocity
AT takahisasuzuki gradualreputationdynamicsevolveandsustaincooperationinindirectreciprocity