A single nucleotide substitution in the SlMCT gene contributes to great morphological alternations in tomato

Abstract Terpenoids, a group of metabolites, are important to plant development and color formation, and serve as valuable nutrients for humans. The enzyme 4-diphosphocytidyl- 2 C-methyl-D-erythritol cytidyltransferase (MCT) plays a pivotal role in the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway for te...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mengyi Yu, Yinge Xie, Zilin Qian, Yu Zhong, Huolin Shen, Wencai Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Molecular Horticulture
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43897-025-00159-x
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849235789148323840
author Mengyi Yu
Yinge Xie
Zilin Qian
Yu Zhong
Huolin Shen
Wencai Yang
author_facet Mengyi Yu
Yinge Xie
Zilin Qian
Yu Zhong
Huolin Shen
Wencai Yang
author_sort Mengyi Yu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Terpenoids, a group of metabolites, are important to plant development and color formation, and serve as valuable nutrients for humans. The enzyme 4-diphosphocytidyl- 2 C-methyl-D-erythritol cytidyltransferase (MCT) plays a pivotal role in the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway for terpenoid biosynthesis. However, the potential lethality of MCT mutants has hindered further exploration into its functional role in terpenoid metabolite families in plants. Here, we characterized a rare MCT mutant yfm with dwarfism, chlorosis, small leaves, and yellow fruits in tomato. Map-based cloning and sequence analysis revealed that a single nucleotide substitution in the SlMCT gene, which resulted in a point mutation (Leu297Pro) in amino acid in the mutant. Over-expression and complementation of the wild-type SlMCT T in the yfm mutant restored the fruit color and the other defective phenotypes. This mutation altered the gene expressions and metabolic components in the MEP and other pathways. Consequently, the total contents of carotenoids, chlorophyll, IAA, GAs, and SA were decreased, while the contents of CK, JA, and ABA were increased. Eventually, these alterations led to changes in plant phenotypes and fruit color in yfm. These findings provide novel insights into understanding the roles of MCT on plant development and pigment biosynthesis.
format Article
id doaj-art-67b759a4ff714813a617d27ec36d58e0
institution Kabale University
issn 2730-9401
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Molecular Horticulture
spelling doaj-art-67b759a4ff714813a617d27ec36d58e02025-08-20T04:02:41ZengBMCMolecular Horticulture2730-94012025-08-015111510.1186/s43897-025-00159-xA single nucleotide substitution in the SlMCT gene contributes to great morphological alternations in tomatoMengyi Yu0Yinge Xie1Zilin Qian2Yu Zhong3Huolin Shen4Wencai Yang5Department of Vegetable Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Vegetable Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Vegetable Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Vegetable Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Vegetable Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Vegetable Science, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural UniversityAbstract Terpenoids, a group of metabolites, are important to plant development and color formation, and serve as valuable nutrients for humans. The enzyme 4-diphosphocytidyl- 2 C-methyl-D-erythritol cytidyltransferase (MCT) plays a pivotal role in the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway for terpenoid biosynthesis. However, the potential lethality of MCT mutants has hindered further exploration into its functional role in terpenoid metabolite families in plants. Here, we characterized a rare MCT mutant yfm with dwarfism, chlorosis, small leaves, and yellow fruits in tomato. Map-based cloning and sequence analysis revealed that a single nucleotide substitution in the SlMCT gene, which resulted in a point mutation (Leu297Pro) in amino acid in the mutant. Over-expression and complementation of the wild-type SlMCT T in the yfm mutant restored the fruit color and the other defective phenotypes. This mutation altered the gene expressions and metabolic components in the MEP and other pathways. Consequently, the total contents of carotenoids, chlorophyll, IAA, GAs, and SA were decreased, while the contents of CK, JA, and ABA were increased. Eventually, these alterations led to changes in plant phenotypes and fruit color in yfm. These findings provide novel insights into understanding the roles of MCT on plant development and pigment biosynthesis.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43897-025-00159-x4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol cytidyltransferaseTerpenoid biosynthesisPhytohormoneCarotenoidsChlorophyll
spellingShingle Mengyi Yu
Yinge Xie
Zilin Qian
Yu Zhong
Huolin Shen
Wencai Yang
A single nucleotide substitution in the SlMCT gene contributes to great morphological alternations in tomato
Molecular Horticulture
4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol cytidyltransferase
Terpenoid biosynthesis
Phytohormone
Carotenoids
Chlorophyll
title A single nucleotide substitution in the SlMCT gene contributes to great morphological alternations in tomato
title_full A single nucleotide substitution in the SlMCT gene contributes to great morphological alternations in tomato
title_fullStr A single nucleotide substitution in the SlMCT gene contributes to great morphological alternations in tomato
title_full_unstemmed A single nucleotide substitution in the SlMCT gene contributes to great morphological alternations in tomato
title_short A single nucleotide substitution in the SlMCT gene contributes to great morphological alternations in tomato
title_sort single nucleotide substitution in the slmct gene contributes to great morphological alternations in tomato
topic 4-diphosphocytidyl-2C-methyl-D-erythritol cytidyltransferase
Terpenoid biosynthesis
Phytohormone
Carotenoids
Chlorophyll
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43897-025-00159-x
work_keys_str_mv AT mengyiyu asinglenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT yingexie asinglenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT zilinqian asinglenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT yuzhong asinglenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT huolinshen asinglenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT wencaiyang asinglenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT mengyiyu singlenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT yingexie singlenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT zilinqian singlenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT yuzhong singlenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT huolinshen singlenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato
AT wencaiyang singlenucleotidesubstitutionintheslmctgenecontributestogreatmorphologicalalternationsintomato