Seasonal Variations and Sexual Differences in Home Range Sizes and Activity Patterns of Endangered Long-Tailed Gorals in South Korea
The long-tailed goral (<i>Naemorhedus caudatus</i>) faces significant threats from habitat loss and fragmentation and is classified as a Class I endangered species by the Ministry of Environment in South Korea and vulnerable by the IUCN. Understanding the behavioral ecology of this speci...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/1/27 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841549505584955392 |
|---|---|
| author | Sangjin Lim Maniram Banjade Jaeyong Ahn Dongju Song Jangick Son Yungchul Park |
| author_facet | Sangjin Lim Maniram Banjade Jaeyong Ahn Dongju Song Jangick Son Yungchul Park |
| author_sort | Sangjin Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The long-tailed goral (<i>Naemorhedus caudatus</i>) faces significant threats from habitat loss and fragmentation and is classified as a Class I endangered species by the Ministry of Environment in South Korea and vulnerable by the IUCN. Understanding the behavioral ecology of this species is crucial for effective conservation and protective measures. Using GPS collars, this study investigated the home range sizes and activity patterns of nine rehabilitated long-tailed gorals (four males and five females) across three regions (Yanggu, Seoraksan National Park, and Uljin) from 2014 to 2016. The 95% minimum convex polygon (MCP) home range averaged 0.64 ± 0.33 km<sup>2</sup>, while the 50% MCP home range averaged 0.15 ± 0.05 km<sup>2</sup>. The male home ranges were larger than the female home ranges. Additionally, the home ranges varied seasonally, with the smallest recorded in winter. The activity pattern of long-tailed gorals was predominantly crepuscular and diurnal, with no significant sexual differences. There were no significant differences in activity during spring, summer, and autumn; however, activity in winter differed significantly from that in the other seasons. The data provided on the home ranges and activity patterns of the species will serve as a basis for developing effective conservation and management strategies to protect this endangered species. By elucidating the spatial and temporal behaviors of long-tailed gorals, this study enhances our understanding of the ecological needs of the species and helps develop precise conservation measures. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-677b4f9f411041b7a1155d8c886774e8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-677b4f9f411041b7a1155d8c886774e82025-01-10T13:13:50ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152024-12-011512710.3390/ani15010027Seasonal Variations and Sexual Differences in Home Range Sizes and Activity Patterns of Endangered Long-Tailed Gorals in South KoreaSangjin Lim0Maniram Banjade1Jaeyong Ahn2Dongju Song3Jangick Son4Yungchul Park5Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaCollege of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaYanggu Goral Restoration Center, Yanggu 24506, Republic of KoreaKorea National Park Service, Wonju 26466, Republic of KoreaKorea National Park Service, Wonju 26466, Republic of KoreaCollege of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaThe long-tailed goral (<i>Naemorhedus caudatus</i>) faces significant threats from habitat loss and fragmentation and is classified as a Class I endangered species by the Ministry of Environment in South Korea and vulnerable by the IUCN. Understanding the behavioral ecology of this species is crucial for effective conservation and protective measures. Using GPS collars, this study investigated the home range sizes and activity patterns of nine rehabilitated long-tailed gorals (four males and five females) across three regions (Yanggu, Seoraksan National Park, and Uljin) from 2014 to 2016. The 95% minimum convex polygon (MCP) home range averaged 0.64 ± 0.33 km<sup>2</sup>, while the 50% MCP home range averaged 0.15 ± 0.05 km<sup>2</sup>. The male home ranges were larger than the female home ranges. Additionally, the home ranges varied seasonally, with the smallest recorded in winter. The activity pattern of long-tailed gorals was predominantly crepuscular and diurnal, with no significant sexual differences. There were no significant differences in activity during spring, summer, and autumn; however, activity in winter differed significantly from that in the other seasons. The data provided on the home ranges and activity patterns of the species will serve as a basis for developing effective conservation and management strategies to protect this endangered species. By elucidating the spatial and temporal behaviors of long-tailed gorals, this study enhances our understanding of the ecological needs of the species and helps develop precise conservation measures.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/1/27conservationcrepuscularendangeredGPS collarlong-tailed goralmanagement |
| spellingShingle | Sangjin Lim Maniram Banjade Jaeyong Ahn Dongju Song Jangick Son Yungchul Park Seasonal Variations and Sexual Differences in Home Range Sizes and Activity Patterns of Endangered Long-Tailed Gorals in South Korea Animals conservation crepuscular endangered GPS collar long-tailed goral management |
| title | Seasonal Variations and Sexual Differences in Home Range Sizes and Activity Patterns of Endangered Long-Tailed Gorals in South Korea |
| title_full | Seasonal Variations and Sexual Differences in Home Range Sizes and Activity Patterns of Endangered Long-Tailed Gorals in South Korea |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal Variations and Sexual Differences in Home Range Sizes and Activity Patterns of Endangered Long-Tailed Gorals in South Korea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal Variations and Sexual Differences in Home Range Sizes and Activity Patterns of Endangered Long-Tailed Gorals in South Korea |
| title_short | Seasonal Variations and Sexual Differences in Home Range Sizes and Activity Patterns of Endangered Long-Tailed Gorals in South Korea |
| title_sort | seasonal variations and sexual differences in home range sizes and activity patterns of endangered long tailed gorals in south korea |
| topic | conservation crepuscular endangered GPS collar long-tailed goral management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/1/27 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sangjinlim seasonalvariationsandsexualdifferencesinhomerangesizesandactivitypatternsofendangeredlongtailedgoralsinsouthkorea AT manirambanjade seasonalvariationsandsexualdifferencesinhomerangesizesandactivitypatternsofendangeredlongtailedgoralsinsouthkorea AT jaeyongahn seasonalvariationsandsexualdifferencesinhomerangesizesandactivitypatternsofendangeredlongtailedgoralsinsouthkorea AT dongjusong seasonalvariationsandsexualdifferencesinhomerangesizesandactivitypatternsofendangeredlongtailedgoralsinsouthkorea AT jangickson seasonalvariationsandsexualdifferencesinhomerangesizesandactivitypatternsofendangeredlongtailedgoralsinsouthkorea AT yungchulpark seasonalvariationsandsexualdifferencesinhomerangesizesandactivitypatternsofendangeredlongtailedgoralsinsouthkorea |