BiP Proteins from Symbiodiniaceae: A “Shocking” Story
More than four decades ago, the discovery of a companion protein of immunoglobulins in myeloma cells and soon after, of their ability to associate with heavy chains, made the term immunoglobulin binding protein (BiP) emerge, prompting a tremendous amount of effort to understand their versatile cellu...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-10-01
|
| Series: | Microorganisms |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2126 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846152928512966656 |
|---|---|
| author | Estefanía Morales-Ruiz Tania Islas-Flores Marco A. Villanueva |
| author_facet | Estefanía Morales-Ruiz Tania Islas-Flores Marco A. Villanueva |
| author_sort | Estefanía Morales-Ruiz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | More than four decades ago, the discovery of a companion protein of immunoglobulins in myeloma cells and soon after, of their ability to associate with heavy chains, made the term immunoglobulin binding protein (BiP) emerge, prompting a tremendous amount of effort to understand their versatile cellular functions. BiPs belong to the heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 family and are crucial for protein folding and cellular stress responses. While extensively studied in model organisms such as <i>Chlamydomonas</i>, their roles in dinoflagellates, especially in photosynthetic Symbiodiniaceae, remain largely underexplored. Given the importance of Symbiodiniaceae-cnidarian symbiosis, critical for the sustaining of coral reef ecosystems, understanding the contribution of Hsps to stress resilience is essential; however, most studies have focused on Hsps in general but none on BiPs. Moreover, despite the critical role of light in the physiology of these organisms, research on light effects on BiPs from Symbiodiniaceae has also been limited. This review synthesizes the current knowledge from the literature and sequence data, which reveals a high degree of BiP conservation at the gene, protein, and structural levels in Symbiodiniaceae and other dinoflagellates. Additionally, we show the existence of a potential link between circadian clocks and BiP regulation, which would add another level of regulatory complexity. The evolutionary relationship among dinoflagellates overall suggests conserved functions and regulatory mechanisms, albeit expecting confirmation by experimental validation. Finally, our analysis also highlights the significant knowledge gap and underscores the need for further studies focusing on gene and protein regulation, promoter architecture, and structural conservation of Symbiodiniaceae and dinoglagellate BiPs in general. These will deepen our understanding of the role of BiPs in the Symbiodiniaceae-cnidarian interactions and dinoflagellate physiology. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-66c1524b843142bd89cf7434a34f9c2d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-66c1524b843142bd89cf7434a34f9c2d2024-11-26T18:14:12ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-10-011211212610.3390/microorganisms12112126BiP Proteins from Symbiodiniaceae: A “Shocking” StoryEstefanía Morales-Ruiz0Tania Islas-Flores1Marco A. Villanueva2Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-UNAM, Prolongación Avenida Niños Héroes S/N, Puerto Morelos 77580, Quintana Roo, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-UNAM, Prolongación Avenida Niños Héroes S/N, Puerto Morelos 77580, Quintana Roo, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-UNAM, Prolongación Avenida Niños Héroes S/N, Puerto Morelos 77580, Quintana Roo, MexicoMore than four decades ago, the discovery of a companion protein of immunoglobulins in myeloma cells and soon after, of their ability to associate with heavy chains, made the term immunoglobulin binding protein (BiP) emerge, prompting a tremendous amount of effort to understand their versatile cellular functions. BiPs belong to the heat shock protein (Hsp) 70 family and are crucial for protein folding and cellular stress responses. While extensively studied in model organisms such as <i>Chlamydomonas</i>, their roles in dinoflagellates, especially in photosynthetic Symbiodiniaceae, remain largely underexplored. Given the importance of Symbiodiniaceae-cnidarian symbiosis, critical for the sustaining of coral reef ecosystems, understanding the contribution of Hsps to stress resilience is essential; however, most studies have focused on Hsps in general but none on BiPs. Moreover, despite the critical role of light in the physiology of these organisms, research on light effects on BiPs from Symbiodiniaceae has also been limited. This review synthesizes the current knowledge from the literature and sequence data, which reveals a high degree of BiP conservation at the gene, protein, and structural levels in Symbiodiniaceae and other dinoflagellates. Additionally, we show the existence of a potential link between circadian clocks and BiP regulation, which would add another level of regulatory complexity. The evolutionary relationship among dinoflagellates overall suggests conserved functions and regulatory mechanisms, albeit expecting confirmation by experimental validation. Finally, our analysis also highlights the significant knowledge gap and underscores the need for further studies focusing on gene and protein regulation, promoter architecture, and structural conservation of Symbiodiniaceae and dinoglagellate BiPs in general. These will deepen our understanding of the role of BiPs in the Symbiodiniaceae-cnidarian interactions and dinoflagellate physiology.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2126BiPchaperonedinoflagellateslight-modulationphosphorylationSymbiodiniaceae |
| spellingShingle | Estefanía Morales-Ruiz Tania Islas-Flores Marco A. Villanueva BiP Proteins from Symbiodiniaceae: A “Shocking” Story Microorganisms BiP chaperone dinoflagellates light-modulation phosphorylation Symbiodiniaceae |
| title | BiP Proteins from Symbiodiniaceae: A “Shocking” Story |
| title_full | BiP Proteins from Symbiodiniaceae: A “Shocking” Story |
| title_fullStr | BiP Proteins from Symbiodiniaceae: A “Shocking” Story |
| title_full_unstemmed | BiP Proteins from Symbiodiniaceae: A “Shocking” Story |
| title_short | BiP Proteins from Symbiodiniaceae: A “Shocking” Story |
| title_sort | bip proteins from symbiodiniaceae a shocking story |
| topic | BiP chaperone dinoflagellates light-modulation phosphorylation Symbiodiniaceae |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2126 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT estefaniamoralesruiz bipproteinsfromsymbiodiniaceaeashockingstory AT taniaislasflores bipproteinsfromsymbiodiniaceaeashockingstory AT marcoavillanueva bipproteinsfromsymbiodiniaceaeashockingstory |