Gender-dependent Side Effects of Two Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens on HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Nsukka District Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria

Background: This study evaluated the gender-dependent potency and side effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy regimens (i) Zidovndine/Lamuvidine/ Nevirapine (ii) Tenofovir/Emtricitabine/Effavirenz on HIV-positive/AIDs patients attending Nsukka district hospital Enugu, from January 2013 to D...

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Main Authors: Okechukwu Asadu, Chibuisi Otuu, Nkoyo Nubila, Elvis Shu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Mashhad University of Medical Sciences 2024-09-01
Series:Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology
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Online Access:https://apjmt.mums.ac.ir/article_25187_5b985b9de88e3635c33c5e88f14cd3df.pdf
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author Okechukwu Asadu
Chibuisi Otuu
Nkoyo Nubila
Elvis Shu
author_facet Okechukwu Asadu
Chibuisi Otuu
Nkoyo Nubila
Elvis Shu
author_sort Okechukwu Asadu
collection DOAJ
description Background: This study evaluated the gender-dependent potency and side effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy regimens (i) Zidovndine/Lamuvidine/ Nevirapine (ii) Tenofovir/Emtricitabine/Effavirenz on HIV-positive/AIDs patients attending Nsukka district hospital Enugu, from January 2013 to December 2013. Method: A retrospective study of two hundred (200) patients of both sexes within the age bracket of 15 – 70 years attending Nsukka District hospital who were treated with HAART was conducted. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained through self developed validated data collection form.Results: Abdominal pains and diarrhea (3.3%) were the most reported clinical manifestations in regimen 1, followed by headache and chills (2.2%) while in regimen 2, headache, hotness and dizziness (2.4%) were the most reported clinical manifestations followed by pruritis. HAART 1 showed more adverse effects than HAART 2 on both sexes on most of the biochemical variables; glucose (34.57±95.97 - 4.89±0.3 mmol/l), cholesterol (17.33±39.87 - 3.63±0.62 mmol/l), serum glucotransaminase (SGOT) (36.78±27.76 - 32.83±17.10 iu/l), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), (18.66±13.33 - 15.14±6.01mg/dl) and amylase (126.29±186.21 - 104.43±31.38 µg/l).While  both regimens showed improved immunological and hematological outcomes: CD4+; 282.03±219.57 - 380.89±241.21 cells/µl (HAART1), 312.09±242.60-404.15±253.17 cells/µl (HAART2), hemoglobin(Hb) 10.60±1.74 - 10.93±1.81 g/dl (HAART1), 10.46 ±2.00 - 11.46±1.85 g/dl (HAART2).Conclusion: The adverse effects on clinical manifestation were more noticeable in regimen 1 in the study population, with the female population being the greater affected. Comparison of the two regimens with respect to their adverse effects on clinical manifestation favors regimen 2.
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spelling doaj-art-65c6c75c5cbf4273ba98f7bdea22b9a52024-12-03T06:30:28ZengMashhad University of Medical SciencesAsia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology2322-26112322-43202024-09-011339510310.22038/apjmt.2024.81005.146225187Gender-dependent Side Effects of Two Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens on HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Nsukka District Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu State, NigeriaOkechukwu Asadu0Chibuisi Otuu1Nkoyo Nubila2Elvis Shu3Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu NigeriaDepartment of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, NigeriaDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu NigeriaDepartment of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu NigeriaBackground: This study evaluated the gender-dependent potency and side effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy regimens (i) Zidovndine/Lamuvidine/ Nevirapine (ii) Tenofovir/Emtricitabine/Effavirenz on HIV-positive/AIDs patients attending Nsukka district hospital Enugu, from January 2013 to December 2013. Method: A retrospective study of two hundred (200) patients of both sexes within the age bracket of 15 – 70 years attending Nsukka District hospital who were treated with HAART was conducted. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained through self developed validated data collection form.Results: Abdominal pains and diarrhea (3.3%) were the most reported clinical manifestations in regimen 1, followed by headache and chills (2.2%) while in regimen 2, headache, hotness and dizziness (2.4%) were the most reported clinical manifestations followed by pruritis. HAART 1 showed more adverse effects than HAART 2 on both sexes on most of the biochemical variables; glucose (34.57±95.97 - 4.89±0.3 mmol/l), cholesterol (17.33±39.87 - 3.63±0.62 mmol/l), serum glucotransaminase (SGOT) (36.78±27.76 - 32.83±17.10 iu/l), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), (18.66±13.33 - 15.14±6.01mg/dl) and amylase (126.29±186.21 - 104.43±31.38 µg/l).While  both regimens showed improved immunological and hematological outcomes: CD4+; 282.03±219.57 - 380.89±241.21 cells/µl (HAART1), 312.09±242.60-404.15±253.17 cells/µl (HAART2), hemoglobin(Hb) 10.60±1.74 - 10.93±1.81 g/dl (HAART1), 10.46 ±2.00 - 11.46±1.85 g/dl (HAART2).Conclusion: The adverse effects on clinical manifestation were more noticeable in regimen 1 in the study population, with the female population being the greater affected. Comparison of the two regimens with respect to their adverse effects on clinical manifestation favors regimen 2.https://apjmt.mums.ac.ir/article_25187_5b985b9de88e3635c33c5e88f14cd3df.pdfgender-dependenthiv/aidshaarthematologybiochemical
spellingShingle Okechukwu Asadu
Chibuisi Otuu
Nkoyo Nubila
Elvis Shu
Gender-dependent Side Effects of Two Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens on HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Nsukka District Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
Asia Pacific Journal of Medical Toxicology
gender-dependent
hiv/aids
haart
hematology
biochemical
title Gender-dependent Side Effects of Two Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens on HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Nsukka District Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
title_full Gender-dependent Side Effects of Two Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens on HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Nsukka District Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
title_fullStr Gender-dependent Side Effects of Two Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens on HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Nsukka District Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Gender-dependent Side Effects of Two Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens on HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Nsukka District Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
title_short Gender-dependent Side Effects of Two Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens on HIV/AIDS Patients Attending Nsukka District Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
title_sort gender dependent side effects of two highly active antiretroviral therapy regimens on hiv aids patients attending nsukka district hospital nsukka enugu state nigeria
topic gender-dependent
hiv/aids
haart
hematology
biochemical
url https://apjmt.mums.ac.ir/article_25187_5b985b9de88e3635c33c5e88f14cd3df.pdf
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