Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in Escherichia coli relA and spoT mutans cultured under nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation conditions

IntroductionThe stringent response is one of the fundamental mechanisms that control and modulate bacterial adaptation to stress conditions, such as nutrient limitation. The accumulation of stringent response effectors, (p)ppGpp, causes differential expression of approximately 500 genes, including g...

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Main Authors: Monika Maciąg-Dorszyńska, Paweł Olszewski, Monika Karczewska, Lidia Boss
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-01-01
Series:Frontiers in Microbiology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1528825/full
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