Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in Escherichia coli relA and spoT mutans cultured under nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation conditions
IntroductionThe stringent response is one of the fundamental mechanisms that control and modulate bacterial adaptation to stress conditions, such as nutrient limitation. The accumulation of stringent response effectors, (p)ppGpp, causes differential expression of approximately 500 genes, including g...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1528825/full |
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| author | Monika Maciąg-Dorszyńska Paweł Olszewski Monika Karczewska Lidia Boss |
| author_facet | Monika Maciąg-Dorszyńska Paweł Olszewski Monika Karczewska Lidia Boss |
| author_sort | Monika Maciąg-Dorszyńska |
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| description | IntroductionThe stringent response is one of the fundamental mechanisms that control and modulate bacterial adaptation to stress conditions, such as nutrient limitation. The accumulation of stringent response effectors, (p)ppGpp, causes differential expression of approximately 500 genes, including genes of bacterial endogenous toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems. However, the exact link between (p)ppGpp and toxin-antitoxin systems’ activation, as well as toxin-antitoxin role in stress adaptation remains disputed.MethodsIn this study, we performed a complex analysis of changes (RNA-Seq) in the toxin-antitoxin operons’ transcription in response to nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation, in bacteria with different abilities of (p)ppGpp accumulation.Results and discussionAlthough we observed that in some cases (p)ppGpp accumulation appears to be crucial for transcriptional activation of TA genes (e.g., ghoST, ryeA), our data indicates that the general pattern of chromosomally encoded TA gene expression in E. coli differs depending on the nutrient distribution in the environment, regardless of the alarmone accumulation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6522f62c57184ebd8a3d4bc7c9e8d930 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-6522f62c57184ebd8a3d4bc7c9e8d9302025-01-17T12:15:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-01-011510.3389/fmicb.2024.15288251528825Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in Escherichia coli relA and spoT mutans cultured under nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation conditionsMonika Maciąg-Dorszyńska0Paweł Olszewski1Monika Karczewska2Lidia Boss3Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandDepartment of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandDepartment of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandIntroductionThe stringent response is one of the fundamental mechanisms that control and modulate bacterial adaptation to stress conditions, such as nutrient limitation. The accumulation of stringent response effectors, (p)ppGpp, causes differential expression of approximately 500 genes, including genes of bacterial endogenous toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems. However, the exact link between (p)ppGpp and toxin-antitoxin systems’ activation, as well as toxin-antitoxin role in stress adaptation remains disputed.MethodsIn this study, we performed a complex analysis of changes (RNA-Seq) in the toxin-antitoxin operons’ transcription in response to nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation, in bacteria with different abilities of (p)ppGpp accumulation.Results and discussionAlthough we observed that in some cases (p)ppGpp accumulation appears to be crucial for transcriptional activation of TA genes (e.g., ghoST, ryeA), our data indicates that the general pattern of chromosomally encoded TA gene expression in E. coli differs depending on the nutrient distribution in the environment, regardless of the alarmone accumulation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1528825/fulltoxin-antitoxinrelAspoT203ppGppRNA-seqhokB |
| spellingShingle | Monika Maciąg-Dorszyńska Paweł Olszewski Monika Karczewska Lidia Boss Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in Escherichia coli relA and spoT mutans cultured under nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation conditions Frontiers in Microbiology toxin-antitoxin relA spoT203 ppGpp RNA-seq hokB |
| title | Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in Escherichia coli relA and spoT mutans cultured under nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation conditions |
| title_full | Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in Escherichia coli relA and spoT mutans cultured under nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation conditions |
| title_fullStr | Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in Escherichia coli relA and spoT mutans cultured under nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in Escherichia coli relA and spoT mutans cultured under nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation conditions |
| title_short | Toxin-antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in Escherichia coli relA and spoT mutans cultured under nitrogen, fatty acid, or carbon starvation conditions |
| title_sort | toxin antitoxin genes are differentially expressed in escherichia coli rela and spot mutans cultured under nitrogen fatty acid or carbon starvation conditions |
| topic | toxin-antitoxin relA spoT203 ppGpp RNA-seq hokB |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1528825/full |
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