Shock-induced radiation belt dynamics: simultaneous observations of “one-kick” acceleration and ultralow frequency modulation
We present conjunctive observations to study the prompt responses of radiation belt electrons during the interplanetary shock (IPS) event on 7 September 2017. As the IPS impinged the Earth, the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions (THEMIS) E spacecraft located near the dayside bow shoc...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2024.1520141/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846116321154039808 |
|---|---|
| author | Xingran Chen Xingran Chen Xi Lu Xi Lu Qiugang Zong Qiugang Zong Hui Zhang Hui Zhang Ying Liu Xuzhi Zhou |
| author_facet | Xingran Chen Xingran Chen Xi Lu Xi Lu Qiugang Zong Qiugang Zong Hui Zhang Hui Zhang Ying Liu Xuzhi Zhou |
| author_sort | Xingran Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present conjunctive observations to study the prompt responses of radiation belt electrons during the interplanetary shock (IPS) event on 7 September 2017. As the IPS impinged the Earth, the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions (THEMIS) E spacecraft located near the dayside bow shock observed alternating features of solar wind and magnetosheath, indicating that the magnetosphere was repeatedly compressed. Following each compression, rapid increases of relativistic electron fluxes and the corresponding drift echoes were well identified over the energy and pitch-angle spectra obtained by the Van Allen Probes (RBSP) in the inner magnetosphere. Meanwhile, oscillations in the Pc4 range are embedded in the flux variations, appearing as straight stripes in the pitch-angle distributions observed by RBSP-B inside the wave active region and “boomerang” stripes in the observations obtained by RBSP-A ∼6 MLT away. Such diverse signatures suggested an azimuthally confined ultralow frequency (ULF) wave. The patterns in the observed particle spectra agreed well with the theoretical predictions, by which we conclude that the surfing acceleration by the shock-induced pulse and the continuous modulation by the localized ULF wave conspired to cause significant disturbances to the Earth’s radiation belt. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-64e7d104cb9c4a679fb15495faae0b03 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-987X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-64e7d104cb9c4a679fb15495faae0b032024-12-19T06:24:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences2296-987X2024-12-011110.3389/fspas.2024.15201411520141Shock-induced radiation belt dynamics: simultaneous observations of “one-kick” acceleration and ultralow frequency modulationXingran Chen0Xingran Chen1Xi Lu2Xi Lu3Qiugang Zong4Qiugang Zong5Hui Zhang6Hui Zhang7Ying Liu8Xuzhi Zhou9State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Science, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, ChinaGeophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United StatesWilliam B. Hanson Center for Space Sciences, University of Taxes at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United StatesGeophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United StatesState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Science, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, ChinaInstitute of Space Physics and Applied Technology, Peking University, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Space Science and Technology, Shandong University, Weihai, ChinaGeophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United StatesState Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Science, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, ChinaInstitute of Space Physics and Applied Technology, Peking University, Beijing, ChinaWe present conjunctive observations to study the prompt responses of radiation belt electrons during the interplanetary shock (IPS) event on 7 September 2017. As the IPS impinged the Earth, the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions (THEMIS) E spacecraft located near the dayside bow shock observed alternating features of solar wind and magnetosheath, indicating that the magnetosphere was repeatedly compressed. Following each compression, rapid increases of relativistic electron fluxes and the corresponding drift echoes were well identified over the energy and pitch-angle spectra obtained by the Van Allen Probes (RBSP) in the inner magnetosphere. Meanwhile, oscillations in the Pc4 range are embedded in the flux variations, appearing as straight stripes in the pitch-angle distributions observed by RBSP-B inside the wave active region and “boomerang” stripes in the observations obtained by RBSP-A ∼6 MLT away. Such diverse signatures suggested an azimuthally confined ultralow frequency (ULF) wave. The patterns in the observed particle spectra agreed well with the theoretical predictions, by which we conclude that the surfing acceleration by the shock-induced pulse and the continuous modulation by the localized ULF wave conspired to cause significant disturbances to the Earth’s radiation belt.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2024.1520141/fullradiation beltenergetic electroninterplanetary shocksurfing accelerationultralow frequency wavespace weather |
| spellingShingle | Xingran Chen Xingran Chen Xi Lu Xi Lu Qiugang Zong Qiugang Zong Hui Zhang Hui Zhang Ying Liu Xuzhi Zhou Shock-induced radiation belt dynamics: simultaneous observations of “one-kick” acceleration and ultralow frequency modulation Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences radiation belt energetic electron interplanetary shock surfing acceleration ultralow frequency wave space weather |
| title | Shock-induced radiation belt dynamics: simultaneous observations of “one-kick” acceleration and ultralow frequency modulation |
| title_full | Shock-induced radiation belt dynamics: simultaneous observations of “one-kick” acceleration and ultralow frequency modulation |
| title_fullStr | Shock-induced radiation belt dynamics: simultaneous observations of “one-kick” acceleration and ultralow frequency modulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Shock-induced radiation belt dynamics: simultaneous observations of “one-kick” acceleration and ultralow frequency modulation |
| title_short | Shock-induced radiation belt dynamics: simultaneous observations of “one-kick” acceleration and ultralow frequency modulation |
| title_sort | shock induced radiation belt dynamics simultaneous observations of one kick acceleration and ultralow frequency modulation |
| topic | radiation belt energetic electron interplanetary shock surfing acceleration ultralow frequency wave space weather |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2024.1520141/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xingranchen shockinducedradiationbeltdynamicssimultaneousobservationsofonekickaccelerationandultralowfrequencymodulation AT xingranchen shockinducedradiationbeltdynamicssimultaneousobservationsofonekickaccelerationandultralowfrequencymodulation AT xilu shockinducedradiationbeltdynamicssimultaneousobservationsofonekickaccelerationandultralowfrequencymodulation AT xilu shockinducedradiationbeltdynamicssimultaneousobservationsofonekickaccelerationandultralowfrequencymodulation AT qiugangzong shockinducedradiationbeltdynamicssimultaneousobservationsofonekickaccelerationandultralowfrequencymodulation AT qiugangzong shockinducedradiationbeltdynamicssimultaneousobservationsofonekickaccelerationandultralowfrequencymodulation AT huizhang shockinducedradiationbeltdynamicssimultaneousobservationsofonekickaccelerationandultralowfrequencymodulation AT huizhang shockinducedradiationbeltdynamicssimultaneousobservationsofonekickaccelerationandultralowfrequencymodulation AT yingliu shockinducedradiationbeltdynamicssimultaneousobservationsofonekickaccelerationandultralowfrequencymodulation AT xuzhizhou shockinducedradiationbeltdynamicssimultaneousobservationsofonekickaccelerationandultralowfrequencymodulation |