Phenotypic Characters and Inheritance Tendency of Agronomic Traits in F<sub>1</sub> Progeny of Chinese Cherry
Chinese cherry [<i>Prunus. pseudocerasus</i> Lindl., syn. <i>Cerasus. pseudocerasus</i> (Lindl.) G.Don], an economically important tetraploid fruit crop native to southwestern China, is celebrated as “the earliest fruit of spring”. Understanding the inheritance and heterosis...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/12/2862 |
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| Summary: | Chinese cherry [<i>Prunus. pseudocerasus</i> Lindl., syn. <i>Cerasus. pseudocerasus</i> (Lindl.) G.Don], an economically important tetraploid fruit crop native to southwestern China, is celebrated as “the earliest fruit of spring”. Understanding the inheritance and heterosis of major agronomical traits is essential for advancing its breeding. In this study, we conducted a three-year observation and inheritance analysis of 32 economic traits in the reciprocal F<sub>1</sub> populations (NH, <i>n</i> = 114; HN, <i>n</i> = 87) derived from Chinese cherry landraces “Nanzaohong” and “Hongfei”. The results revealed a broad segregation for all traits in F<sub>1</sub> offspring. Fruit size exhibited an inheritance tendency toward smaller dimensions, with some individuals displaying extreme values (Fruit weight, <i>HH</i> = 3.90~12.15%) that highlighted the potential for selecting larger fruits. The hybrids showed a tendency for sweeter fruit flavor, with total soluble solids (<i>RHm</i> = 7.00~19.35%) and soluble sugar (<i>RHm</i> = 11.09% and 17.47%) exhibiting hybrid vigor, along with a decreasing tendency in titratable acid (<i>RHm</i> = −16.08~−1.05%). The flowering and fruiting phenology tended to occur earlier, with extremely early and late flowering lines offering the potential to extend the ornamental and harvesting periods. Fruit bitterness (<i>H</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.98 and 0.95) and fruit skin color (<i>H</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.93 and 0.89) displayed the highest heritability. Correlation analysis revealed strong internal correlations among trait categories, confirming the reliability of the data collection and analysis. Moreover, no significant differences were observed between the maternal and the paternal effect on the inheritance for agronomic traits attributes. This study systematically clarifies the inheritance trends of agronomic traits in Chinese cherry, providing a foundation for the rational selection of parental lines in breeding strategies and laying the groundwork for future molecular genetic research. |
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| ISSN: | 2073-4395 |