Correlation of serum cotinine with fatty liver index in adults: data from the NHANES March 2017 and 2018
Abstract Background The correlation between serum cotinine and fatty liver index (FLI) needs further investigation for the early identification, prevention, and treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Methods Data from the NHANES database spanning from March 20...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Guangwen Chen Nan Chen Lijian Liu Xiaoyan Huang Jianfeng Li Jinxiu Wei Yuqing Wang Chengning Yang Sheng Xie |
| author_facet | Guangwen Chen Nan Chen Lijian Liu Xiaoyan Huang Jianfeng Li Jinxiu Wei Yuqing Wang Chengning Yang Sheng Xie |
| author_sort | Guangwen Chen |
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| description | Abstract Background The correlation between serum cotinine and fatty liver index (FLI) needs further investigation for the early identification, prevention, and treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Methods Data from the NHANES database spanning from March 2017 to 2018 was used to perform the population-based study to assess the relationship between serum cotinine and FLI. A variance estimation strategy was applied to address the data volatility. To examine the correlation between serum cotinine and FLI, a weighted multivariate logistic regression model was used. Initial normality assessment through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test indicated non-normal distribution. Median and interquartile range were employed for description of non-normally distributed measurement data, and group comparisons were made using the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Proportions were used for ordinal data description and comparisons, with the chi-square test used for categorical data. Smooth curve fittings and generalized additive models were used to explore the non-linear relationship between serum cotinine and FLI. Results Finally, 2350 subjects (mean age: 49.83 ± 18.30, 1135 males and 1215 females) were selected for analysis. After adjusting for confounders, serum cotinine showed positive correlation with FLI in adults (β = 0.009, 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.014, P = 0.001). Additionally, individuals in the unexposed and passively exposed groups had lower FLI compared to those in the actively exposed group (β = -3.041, 95% CI: -4.728 to -1.353, P < 0.001; β = -2.159, 95% CI: -4.231 to -0.087, P = 0.041; respectively). Subgroup analyses by gender revealed positive associations between serum cotinine and FLI in both males (β = 0.007, 95% CI: 0.000 to 0.014, P = 0.048) and females (β = 0.012, 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.021, P = 0.007). Additionally, a positive correlation was found in “other races” subgroup (β = 0.017, 95% CI: 0.004 to 0.029, P = 0.008) rather than the subgroups of “Mexican American, Other Hispanic, Non-Hispanic White, and Non-Hispanic Black”. The relationship between serum cotinine and FLI exhibited an inverted U-shaped curve with the turning point occurring at 521 ng/mL. Conclusion This study of a nationally representative sample demonstrates a positive association between serum cotinine and FLI, characterized by an inverted U-shaped curve. Both active and passive smoking emerge as a risk factor for the development and progression of MASLD. Smoking cessation is recommended to manage MASLD and support liver and cardiovascular health. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-632bfd0efd7744ea802d3bb05d0ff122 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-632bfd0efd7744ea802d3bb05d0ff1222024-12-22T12:29:15ZengBMCBMC Gastroenterology1471-230X2024-12-0124111010.1186/s12876-024-03572-6Correlation of serum cotinine with fatty liver index in adults: data from the NHANES March 2017 and 2018Guangwen Chen0Nan Chen1Lijian Liu2Xiaoyan Huang3Jianfeng Li4Jinxiu Wei5Yuqing Wang6Chengning Yang7Sheng Xie8The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineGuangxi University of Chinese MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineAbstract Background The correlation between serum cotinine and fatty liver index (FLI) needs further investigation for the early identification, prevention, and treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Methods Data from the NHANES database spanning from March 2017 to 2018 was used to perform the population-based study to assess the relationship between serum cotinine and FLI. A variance estimation strategy was applied to address the data volatility. To examine the correlation between serum cotinine and FLI, a weighted multivariate logistic regression model was used. Initial normality assessment through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test indicated non-normal distribution. Median and interquartile range were employed for description of non-normally distributed measurement data, and group comparisons were made using the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Proportions were used for ordinal data description and comparisons, with the chi-square test used for categorical data. Smooth curve fittings and generalized additive models were used to explore the non-linear relationship between serum cotinine and FLI. Results Finally, 2350 subjects (mean age: 49.83 ± 18.30, 1135 males and 1215 females) were selected for analysis. After adjusting for confounders, serum cotinine showed positive correlation with FLI in adults (β = 0.009, 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.014, P = 0.001). Additionally, individuals in the unexposed and passively exposed groups had lower FLI compared to those in the actively exposed group (β = -3.041, 95% CI: -4.728 to -1.353, P < 0.001; β = -2.159, 95% CI: -4.231 to -0.087, P = 0.041; respectively). Subgroup analyses by gender revealed positive associations between serum cotinine and FLI in both males (β = 0.007, 95% CI: 0.000 to 0.014, P = 0.048) and females (β = 0.012, 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.021, P = 0.007). Additionally, a positive correlation was found in “other races” subgroup (β = 0.017, 95% CI: 0.004 to 0.029, P = 0.008) rather than the subgroups of “Mexican American, Other Hispanic, Non-Hispanic White, and Non-Hispanic Black”. The relationship between serum cotinine and FLI exhibited an inverted U-shaped curve with the turning point occurring at 521 ng/mL. Conclusion This study of a nationally representative sample demonstrates a positive association between serum cotinine and FLI, characterized by an inverted U-shaped curve. Both active and passive smoking emerge as a risk factor for the development and progression of MASLD. Smoking cessation is recommended to manage MASLD and support liver and cardiovascular health.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-024-03572-6Tobacco exposureCotinineNon-alcoholic fatty liver diseaseFatty liver indexNHANES |
| spellingShingle | Guangwen Chen Nan Chen Lijian Liu Xiaoyan Huang Jianfeng Li Jinxiu Wei Yuqing Wang Chengning Yang Sheng Xie Correlation of serum cotinine with fatty liver index in adults: data from the NHANES March 2017 and 2018 BMC Gastroenterology Tobacco exposure Cotinine Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Fatty liver index NHANES |
| title | Correlation of serum cotinine with fatty liver index in adults: data from the NHANES March 2017 and 2018 |
| title_full | Correlation of serum cotinine with fatty liver index in adults: data from the NHANES March 2017 and 2018 |
| title_fullStr | Correlation of serum cotinine with fatty liver index in adults: data from the NHANES March 2017 and 2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlation of serum cotinine with fatty liver index in adults: data from the NHANES March 2017 and 2018 |
| title_short | Correlation of serum cotinine with fatty liver index in adults: data from the NHANES March 2017 and 2018 |
| title_sort | correlation of serum cotinine with fatty liver index in adults data from the nhanes march 2017 and 2018 |
| topic | Tobacco exposure Cotinine Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Fatty liver index NHANES |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-024-03572-6 |
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