Photo- and electro-chemical strategies for indazole synthesis

The indazole core is prevalently found in the structures of bioactive molecules, demonstrating promising potential in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery, which therefore has attracted sustained attention from the synthetic community. Over the recent decades, significant progress has been achieve...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Binbin Huang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Tetrahedron Chem
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666951X2400055X
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846121170244468736
author Binbin Huang
author_facet Binbin Huang
author_sort Binbin Huang
collection DOAJ
description The indazole core is prevalently found in the structures of bioactive molecules, demonstrating promising potential in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery, which therefore has attracted sustained attention from the synthetic community. Over the recent decades, significant progress has been achieved in both organic photocatalysis and electrosynthesis, offering novel approaches for the efficient and sustainable synthesis of various functionalized indazoles. This mini-review highlights the emerging methodological advancements in photo-/electro-chemical synthesis of two common forms of indazole, namely 1H- and 2H-indazoles, which are classified by specific intramolecular bond formation patterns: (1) C–C bond formation, (2) C–N bond formation, and (3) N–N bond formation. The reaction conditions, representative scopes, and mechanistic understandings of these protocols are emphasized, to elucidate the advantages and limitations in current strategies, with an aim to inspire future innovations that may address challenges in modern indazole synthesis.
format Article
id doaj-art-62cddb0bb8a94a0395d2492c2c15ba13
institution Kabale University
issn 2666-951X
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Tetrahedron Chem
spelling doaj-art-62cddb0bb8a94a0395d2492c2c15ba132024-12-16T05:38:30ZengElsevierTetrahedron Chem2666-951X2024-12-0112100116Photo- and electro-chemical strategies for indazole synthesisBinbin Huang0Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519085, ChinaThe indazole core is prevalently found in the structures of bioactive molecules, demonstrating promising potential in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery, which therefore has attracted sustained attention from the synthetic community. Over the recent decades, significant progress has been achieved in both organic photocatalysis and electrosynthesis, offering novel approaches for the efficient and sustainable synthesis of various functionalized indazoles. This mini-review highlights the emerging methodological advancements in photo-/electro-chemical synthesis of two common forms of indazole, namely 1H- and 2H-indazoles, which are classified by specific intramolecular bond formation patterns: (1) C–C bond formation, (2) C–N bond formation, and (3) N–N bond formation. The reaction conditions, representative scopes, and mechanistic understandings of these protocols are emphasized, to elucidate the advantages and limitations in current strategies, with an aim to inspire future innovations that may address challenges in modern indazole synthesis.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666951X2400055XIndazole synthesisOrganic photocatalysisOrganic electrosynthesisCross dehydrogenative couplingDeoxygenative cyclizationRadical cyclization
spellingShingle Binbin Huang
Photo- and electro-chemical strategies for indazole synthesis
Tetrahedron Chem
Indazole synthesis
Organic photocatalysis
Organic electrosynthesis
Cross dehydrogenative coupling
Deoxygenative cyclization
Radical cyclization
title Photo- and electro-chemical strategies for indazole synthesis
title_full Photo- and electro-chemical strategies for indazole synthesis
title_fullStr Photo- and electro-chemical strategies for indazole synthesis
title_full_unstemmed Photo- and electro-chemical strategies for indazole synthesis
title_short Photo- and electro-chemical strategies for indazole synthesis
title_sort photo and electro chemical strategies for indazole synthesis
topic Indazole synthesis
Organic photocatalysis
Organic electrosynthesis
Cross dehydrogenative coupling
Deoxygenative cyclization
Radical cyclization
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666951X2400055X
work_keys_str_mv AT binbinhuang photoandelectrochemicalstrategiesforindazolesynthesis