Capillary Rise and Salt Weathering in Spain: Impacts on the Degradation of Calcareous Materials in Historic Monuments

Capillary Rise and Salt Weathering in Spain: Impacts on the Degradation of Calcareous Materials in Historic Monuments

The crystallization of soluble salts is one of the most significant agents of deterioration affecting porous building materials in historical architecture. This process not only compromises the physical integrity of the materials but also results in considerable aesthetic, structural, and economic c...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Elías Afif-Khouri, Alfonso Lozano-Martínez, José Ignacio López de Rego, Belén López-Gallego, Rubén Forjan-Castro
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Buildings
Subjects:
hygroscopic condensation
subflorescence
efflorescence
built heritage
porosity
calcareous stones
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/13/2285
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