Inefficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias: Results from a Pilot Study
<b>Background:</b> Parkinson’s disease (PD) presents a significant challenge due to its wide range of motor, non-motor, and treatment-related symptoms. Non-invasive interventions like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are being explored for potential therapeutic benefits. This stud...
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2025-07-01
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| author | Alma Medrano-Hernández Gabriel Neri-Nani Mayela Rodríguez-Violante René Drucker-Colín Anahí Chavarría |
| author_facet | Alma Medrano-Hernández Gabriel Neri-Nani Mayela Rodríguez-Violante René Drucker-Colín Anahí Chavarría |
| author_sort | Alma Medrano-Hernández |
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| description | <b>Background:</b> Parkinson’s disease (PD) presents a significant challenge due to its wide range of motor, non-motor, and treatment-related symptoms. Non-invasive interventions like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are being explored for potential therapeutic benefits. This study aimed to assess if a high-frequency repetitive TMS protocol (HF-rTMS) consisting of 10 trains of 100 pulses of rTMS at 25 Hz over the motor cortex (M1) at 80% of the resting motor threshold could be effective in treating motor or non-motor symptoms in patients with PD with levodopa-induced dyskinesias. <b>Methods:</b> A randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial was conducted with eleven PD patients. Nine patients received HF-rTMS, while two received sham stimulation. Patients were exhaustively evaluated using validated clinical scales to assess motor and non-motor symptoms. The study followed a rigorous protocol to avoid bias, with assessments conducted by a neurologist specialized in single-blinded movement disorder. <b>Results:</b> The HF-rTMS group experienced a statistically significant slight worsening in both motor and non-motor symptoms, particularly in the mood/cognition and gastrointestinal domains. However, positive effects were observed in some non-motor symptoms, specifically reduced excessive sweating and weight. No adverse effects were reported. <b>Conclusions</b>: Although HF-rTMS did not produce significant motor improvements, its potential benefit on specific non-motor symptoms, such as autonomic regulation, warrants further investigation. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-622897d2e40b45c5b88aa34c94bfa7ab2025-08-20T04:00:54ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-07-01137166310.3390/biomedicines13071663Inefficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias: Results from a Pilot StudyAlma Medrano-Hernández0Gabriel Neri-Nani1Mayela Rodríguez-Violante2René Drucker-Colín3Anahí Chavarría4Unidad de Medicina Experimental “Ruy Pérez Tamayo”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City CP 06726, MexicoUnidad de Trastornos del Movimiento y Sueño, Hospital de General Ajusco Medio, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México, Mexico City CP 14250, MexicoLaboratorio Clínico de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City CP 14269, MexicoDepartamento de Neuropatología Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City CP 04510, MexicoUnidad de Medicina Experimental “Ruy Pérez Tamayo”, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City CP 06726, Mexico<b>Background:</b> Parkinson’s disease (PD) presents a significant challenge due to its wide range of motor, non-motor, and treatment-related symptoms. Non-invasive interventions like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are being explored for potential therapeutic benefits. This study aimed to assess if a high-frequency repetitive TMS protocol (HF-rTMS) consisting of 10 trains of 100 pulses of rTMS at 25 Hz over the motor cortex (M1) at 80% of the resting motor threshold could be effective in treating motor or non-motor symptoms in patients with PD with levodopa-induced dyskinesias. <b>Methods:</b> A randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial was conducted with eleven PD patients. Nine patients received HF-rTMS, while two received sham stimulation. Patients were exhaustively evaluated using validated clinical scales to assess motor and non-motor symptoms. The study followed a rigorous protocol to avoid bias, with assessments conducted by a neurologist specialized in single-blinded movement disorder. <b>Results:</b> The HF-rTMS group experienced a statistically significant slight worsening in both motor and non-motor symptoms, particularly in the mood/cognition and gastrointestinal domains. However, positive effects were observed in some non-motor symptoms, specifically reduced excessive sweating and weight. No adverse effects were reported. <b>Conclusions</b>: Although HF-rTMS did not produce significant motor improvements, its potential benefit on specific non-motor symptoms, such as autonomic regulation, warrants further investigation.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/7/1663Parkinson’s diseaselevodopa-induced dyskinesiarepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation |
| spellingShingle | Alma Medrano-Hernández Gabriel Neri-Nani Mayela Rodríguez-Violante René Drucker-Colín Anahí Chavarría Inefficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias: Results from a Pilot Study Biomedicines Parkinson’s disease levodopa-induced dyskinesia repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation |
| title | Inefficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias: Results from a Pilot Study |
| title_full | Inefficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias: Results from a Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Inefficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias: Results from a Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inefficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias: Results from a Pilot Study |
| title_short | Inefficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesias: Results from a Pilot Study |
| title_sort | inefficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in parkinson s disease patients with levodopa induced dyskinesias results from a pilot study |
| topic | Parkinson’s disease levodopa-induced dyskinesia repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/7/1663 |
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