Isopods infesting Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) host novel viruses, including reoviruses related to global pathogens, and opportunistically feed on humans
Isopods infest fish worldwide, but their role as disease vectors remains poorly understood. Here, we describe infestation of Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) in Belize with isopods in two of three locations studied, with infestation rates of 15 and 44%. Isopods fed aggressively, and infested fish s...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge University Press
|
| Series: | Parasitology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S003118202400146X/type/journal_article |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841526422016884736 |
|---|---|
| author | Tony L. Goldberg Addiel U. Perez Lewis J. Campbell |
| author_facet | Tony L. Goldberg Addiel U. Perez Lewis J. Campbell |
| author_sort | Tony L. Goldberg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Isopods infest fish worldwide, but their role as disease vectors remains poorly understood. Here, we describe infestation of Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) in Belize with isopods in two of three locations studied, with infestation rates of 15 and 44%. Isopods fed aggressively, and infested fish showed missing scales and scars. Gross morphologic and molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed the isopods to cluster within the family Aegidae and to be most closely related to members of the genus Rocinela, which are globally distributed micro-predators of fish. Metagenomic analysis of 10 isopods identified 11 viruses, including two novel reoviruses (Reovirales) in the families Sedoreoviridae and Spinareoviridae. The novel sedoreovirus clustered phylogenetically within an invertebrate-specific clade of viruses related to the genus Orbivirus, which contains arboviruses of global concern for mammal health. The novel spinareovirus clustered within the fish-infecting genus Aquareovirus, which contains viruses of global concern for fish health. Metagenomic analyses revealed no evidence of infection of bonefish with the novel aquareovirus, suggesting that viremia in bonefish is absent, low, or transient, or that isopods may have acquired the virus from other fish. During field collections, isopods aggressively bit humans, and blood meal analysis confirmed that isopods had fed on bonefish, other fish, and humans. Vector-borne transmission may be an underappreciated mechanism for aquareovirus transmission and for virus host switching between fish and other species, which has been inferred across viral families from studies of deep virus evolution. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-62037d0894d14dfd8662fa25556ff463 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0031-1820 1469-8161 |
| language | English |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parasitology |
| spelling | doaj-art-62037d0894d14dfd8662fa25556ff4632025-01-16T21:52:08ZengCambridge University PressParasitology0031-18201469-816111110.1017/S003118202400146XIsopods infesting Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) host novel viruses, including reoviruses related to global pathogens, and opportunistically feed on humansTony L. Goldberg0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3962-4913Addiel U. Perez1Lewis J. Campbell2Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USABonefish & Tarpon Trust, Miami, FL, USADepartment of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USAIsopods infest fish worldwide, but their role as disease vectors remains poorly understood. Here, we describe infestation of Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) in Belize with isopods in two of three locations studied, with infestation rates of 15 and 44%. Isopods fed aggressively, and infested fish showed missing scales and scars. Gross morphologic and molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed the isopods to cluster within the family Aegidae and to be most closely related to members of the genus Rocinela, which are globally distributed micro-predators of fish. Metagenomic analysis of 10 isopods identified 11 viruses, including two novel reoviruses (Reovirales) in the families Sedoreoviridae and Spinareoviridae. The novel sedoreovirus clustered phylogenetically within an invertebrate-specific clade of viruses related to the genus Orbivirus, which contains arboviruses of global concern for mammal health. The novel spinareovirus clustered within the fish-infecting genus Aquareovirus, which contains viruses of global concern for fish health. Metagenomic analyses revealed no evidence of infection of bonefish with the novel aquareovirus, suggesting that viremia in bonefish is absent, low, or transient, or that isopods may have acquired the virus from other fish. During field collections, isopods aggressively bit humans, and blood meal analysis confirmed that isopods had fed on bonefish, other fish, and humans. Vector-borne transmission may be an underappreciated mechanism for aquareovirus transmission and for virus host switching between fish and other species, which has been inferred across viral families from studies of deep virus evolution.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S003118202400146X/type/journal_articleAegidaeAquareovirusCymothooideaIsopodarecreational fishingReoviralesRocinelavector-borne diseaseviruseszoonoses |
| spellingShingle | Tony L. Goldberg Addiel U. Perez Lewis J. Campbell Isopods infesting Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) host novel viruses, including reoviruses related to global pathogens, and opportunistically feed on humans Parasitology Aegidae Aquareovirus Cymothooidea Isopoda recreational fishing Reovirales Rocinela vector-borne disease viruses zoonoses |
| title | Isopods infesting Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) host novel viruses, including reoviruses related to global pathogens, and opportunistically feed on humans |
| title_full | Isopods infesting Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) host novel viruses, including reoviruses related to global pathogens, and opportunistically feed on humans |
| title_fullStr | Isopods infesting Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) host novel viruses, including reoviruses related to global pathogens, and opportunistically feed on humans |
| title_full_unstemmed | Isopods infesting Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) host novel viruses, including reoviruses related to global pathogens, and opportunistically feed on humans |
| title_short | Isopods infesting Atlantic bonefish (Albula vulpes) host novel viruses, including reoviruses related to global pathogens, and opportunistically feed on humans |
| title_sort | isopods infesting atlantic bonefish albula vulpes host novel viruses including reoviruses related to global pathogens and opportunistically feed on humans |
| topic | Aegidae Aquareovirus Cymothooidea Isopoda recreational fishing Reovirales Rocinela vector-borne disease viruses zoonoses |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S003118202400146X/type/journal_article |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tonylgoldberg isopodsinfestingatlanticbonefishalbulavulpeshostnovelvirusesincludingreovirusesrelatedtoglobalpathogensandopportunisticallyfeedonhumans AT addieluperez isopodsinfestingatlanticbonefishalbulavulpeshostnovelvirusesincludingreovirusesrelatedtoglobalpathogensandopportunisticallyfeedonhumans AT lewisjcampbell isopodsinfestingatlanticbonefishalbulavulpeshostnovelvirusesincludingreovirusesrelatedtoglobalpathogensandopportunisticallyfeedonhumans |