Scalability and Security in Blockchain Networks: Evaluation of Sharding Algorithms and Prospects for Decentralized Data Storage
This article addresses the issues of scalability and security in blockchain networks, with a focus on sharding algorithms and decentralized data storage. Key challenges include the low throughput and high transaction latency in public networks such as Bitcoin and Ethereum. Sharding is examined as a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Mathematics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/23/3860 |
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| author | Andrey L. Bulgakov Anna V. Aleshina Sergey D. Smirnov Alexey D. Demidov Maxim A. Milyutin Yanliang Xin |
| author_facet | Andrey L. Bulgakov Anna V. Aleshina Sergey D. Smirnov Alexey D. Demidov Maxim A. Milyutin Yanliang Xin |
| author_sort | Andrey L. Bulgakov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article addresses the issues of scalability and security in blockchain networks, with a focus on sharding algorithms and decentralized data storage. Key challenges include the low throughput and high transaction latency in public networks such as Bitcoin and Ethereum. Sharding is examined as a method to enhance performance through data distribution, but it raises concerns regarding node management and reliability. Sharding schemes, such as Elastico, OmniLedger, Pyramid, RepChain, and SSchain, are analyzed, each presenting its own advantages and drawbacks. Alternative architectures like Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) demonstrate potential for improved scalability but require further refinement to ensure decentralization and security. Protocols such as Brokerchain, Meepo, AHL, Benzene, and CycLedger offer unique approaches to addressing performance and transaction consistency issues. This article emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach, including dynamic sharding, multi-level consensus, and inter-shard coordination. Additionally, a conceptual model is proposed that incorporates the sharding of transactions, states, and networks, which enables greater scalability and efficiency. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-61c5ea42c63343a0b43e89a17777069d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematics |
| spelling | doaj-art-61c5ea42c63343a0b43e89a17777069d2024-12-13T16:27:59ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902024-12-011223386010.3390/math12233860Scalability and Security in Blockchain Networks: Evaluation of Sharding Algorithms and Prospects for Decentralized Data StorageAndrey L. Bulgakov0Anna V. Aleshina1Sergey D. Smirnov2Alexey D. Demidov3Maxim A. Milyutin4Yanliang Xin5Moscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaMoscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaMoscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaMoscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaMoscow Center for Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaFaculty of Economics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, RussiaThis article addresses the issues of scalability and security in blockchain networks, with a focus on sharding algorithms and decentralized data storage. Key challenges include the low throughput and high transaction latency in public networks such as Bitcoin and Ethereum. Sharding is examined as a method to enhance performance through data distribution, but it raises concerns regarding node management and reliability. Sharding schemes, such as Elastico, OmniLedger, Pyramid, RepChain, and SSchain, are analyzed, each presenting its own advantages and drawbacks. Alternative architectures like Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) demonstrate potential for improved scalability but require further refinement to ensure decentralization and security. Protocols such as Brokerchain, Meepo, AHL, Benzene, and CycLedger offer unique approaches to addressing performance and transaction consistency issues. This article emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach, including dynamic sharding, multi-level consensus, and inter-shard coordination. Additionally, a conceptual model is proposed that incorporates the sharding of transactions, states, and networks, which enables greater scalability and efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/23/3860blockchain technologiesshardingscalabilitysecuritygreen bondssustainable development |
| spellingShingle | Andrey L. Bulgakov Anna V. Aleshina Sergey D. Smirnov Alexey D. Demidov Maxim A. Milyutin Yanliang Xin Scalability and Security in Blockchain Networks: Evaluation of Sharding Algorithms and Prospects for Decentralized Data Storage Mathematics blockchain technologies sharding scalability security green bonds sustainable development |
| title | Scalability and Security in Blockchain Networks: Evaluation of Sharding Algorithms and Prospects for Decentralized Data Storage |
| title_full | Scalability and Security in Blockchain Networks: Evaluation of Sharding Algorithms and Prospects for Decentralized Data Storage |
| title_fullStr | Scalability and Security in Blockchain Networks: Evaluation of Sharding Algorithms and Prospects for Decentralized Data Storage |
| title_full_unstemmed | Scalability and Security in Blockchain Networks: Evaluation of Sharding Algorithms and Prospects for Decentralized Data Storage |
| title_short | Scalability and Security in Blockchain Networks: Evaluation of Sharding Algorithms and Prospects for Decentralized Data Storage |
| title_sort | scalability and security in blockchain networks evaluation of sharding algorithms and prospects for decentralized data storage |
| topic | blockchain technologies sharding scalability security green bonds sustainable development |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/12/23/3860 |
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