Catalytic Performance of Hydroxyapatite-Based Supports: Tailored vs. Commercial Formulations for Dry Reforming of Methane

Catalyst deactivation, mainly due to coke deposition, presents a significant challenge in the process of dry reforming of methane (DRM). This study focused on coke-resistant catalysts for DRM, particularly nickel-based catalysts supported on hydroxyapatite (HAP). A novel HAP formulation (HAP<sub&...

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Main Authors: Hanaa Hassini, Bruna Rego de Vasconcelos, Inès Esma Achouri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Fuels
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3994/5/4/33
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author Hanaa Hassini
Bruna Rego de Vasconcelos
Inès Esma Achouri
author_facet Hanaa Hassini
Bruna Rego de Vasconcelos
Inès Esma Achouri
author_sort Hanaa Hassini
collection DOAJ
description Catalyst deactivation, mainly due to coke deposition, presents a significant challenge in the process of dry reforming of methane (DRM). This study focused on coke-resistant catalysts for DRM, particularly nickel-based catalysts supported on hydroxyapatite (HAP). A novel HAP formulation (HAP<sub>S</sub>) with a Ca/P ratio of 1.54, below the stochiometric ratio studied in previous studies, was compared with commercial HAP (HAP<sub>C</sub>), and both were impregnated with 10 wt% nickel. The synthesis of HAP<sub>S</sub> involved low temperature (60 °C), moderate stirring, and a pH of 11, using a custom setup. Dry-reforming reactions were conducted under severe conditions (T = 800 °C) to assess the resistivity of both supports over 120 h. Our findings indicated sustained high conversion rates, reaching 93% for CH<sub>4</sub> and 98% for CO<sub>2</sub> with HAP<sub>S</sub>, despite an increase in gas hourly space velocity. Characterisation, including X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy, revealed coke formation using HAP<sub>C</sub>, leading to initial deactivation, in contrast with the custom support. This discrepancy may be attributed to the distinct physical and chemical properties of the catalysts, their reaction mechanisms, and the deactivation precursors. Overall, the performance of nickel-based catalysts significantly hinges on support–catalyst interactions, in addition to thermal stability.
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spelling doaj-art-605efc8a49144d2aa8a7385ea01ee3e52024-12-27T14:27:13ZengMDPI AGFuels2673-39942024-10-015460762410.3390/fuels5040033Catalytic Performance of Hydroxyapatite-Based Supports: Tailored vs. Commercial Formulations for Dry Reforming of MethaneHanaa Hassini0Bruna Rego de Vasconcelos1Inès Esma Achouri2Group of Research on Technologies and Processes (GRTP), Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Centre de Mise à L’Échelle, Université de Sherbrooke, 3000 Boulevard de L’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, CanadaDepartment of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Centre de Mise à L’Échelle, Université de Sherbrooke, 3000 Boulevard de L’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, CanadaGroup of Research on Technologies and Processes (GRTP), Department of Chemical and Biotechnological Engineering, Centre de Mise à L’Échelle, Université de Sherbrooke, 3000 Boulevard de L’Université, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 0A5, CanadaCatalyst deactivation, mainly due to coke deposition, presents a significant challenge in the process of dry reforming of methane (DRM). This study focused on coke-resistant catalysts for DRM, particularly nickel-based catalysts supported on hydroxyapatite (HAP). A novel HAP formulation (HAP<sub>S</sub>) with a Ca/P ratio of 1.54, below the stochiometric ratio studied in previous studies, was compared with commercial HAP (HAP<sub>C</sub>), and both were impregnated with 10 wt% nickel. The synthesis of HAP<sub>S</sub> involved low temperature (60 °C), moderate stirring, and a pH of 11, using a custom setup. Dry-reforming reactions were conducted under severe conditions (T = 800 °C) to assess the resistivity of both supports over 120 h. Our findings indicated sustained high conversion rates, reaching 93% for CH<sub>4</sub> and 98% for CO<sub>2</sub> with HAP<sub>S</sub>, despite an increase in gas hourly space velocity. Characterisation, including X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy, revealed coke formation using HAP<sub>C</sub>, leading to initial deactivation, in contrast with the custom support. This discrepancy may be attributed to the distinct physical and chemical properties of the catalysts, their reaction mechanisms, and the deactivation precursors. Overall, the performance of nickel-based catalysts significantly hinges on support–catalyst interactions, in addition to thermal stability.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3994/5/4/33hydroxyapatitenickeldry reformingsyngasgas hourly space velocitystability
spellingShingle Hanaa Hassini
Bruna Rego de Vasconcelos
Inès Esma Achouri
Catalytic Performance of Hydroxyapatite-Based Supports: Tailored vs. Commercial Formulations for Dry Reforming of Methane
Fuels
hydroxyapatite
nickel
dry reforming
syngas
gas hourly space velocity
stability
title Catalytic Performance of Hydroxyapatite-Based Supports: Tailored vs. Commercial Formulations for Dry Reforming of Methane
title_full Catalytic Performance of Hydroxyapatite-Based Supports: Tailored vs. Commercial Formulations for Dry Reforming of Methane
title_fullStr Catalytic Performance of Hydroxyapatite-Based Supports: Tailored vs. Commercial Formulations for Dry Reforming of Methane
title_full_unstemmed Catalytic Performance of Hydroxyapatite-Based Supports: Tailored vs. Commercial Formulations for Dry Reforming of Methane
title_short Catalytic Performance of Hydroxyapatite-Based Supports: Tailored vs. Commercial Formulations for Dry Reforming of Methane
title_sort catalytic performance of hydroxyapatite based supports tailored vs commercial formulations for dry reforming of methane
topic hydroxyapatite
nickel
dry reforming
syngas
gas hourly space velocity
stability
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-3994/5/4/33
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AT inesesmaachouri catalyticperformanceofhydroxyapatitebasedsupportstailoredvscommercialformulationsfordryreformingofmethane