SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and detection in wild, captive, and domesticated animals in Nebraska: 2021–2023
Widespread surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 was conducted across wildlife, captive animals in zoological collections, and domestic cats in Nebraska from 2021 to 2023. The goal of this effort was to determine the prevalence, phylogenetic and spatial distribution characteristics of circulating SARS-CoV-2 v...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1496207/full |
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| author | Duan Sriyotee Loy Rachael Birn Korakrit Poonsuk Korakrit Poonsuk Bryan Tegomoh Amanda Bartling Michael R. Wiley John Dustin Loy |
| author_facet | Duan Sriyotee Loy Rachael Birn Korakrit Poonsuk Korakrit Poonsuk Bryan Tegomoh Amanda Bartling Michael R. Wiley John Dustin Loy |
| author_sort | Duan Sriyotee Loy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Widespread surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 was conducted across wildlife, captive animals in zoological collections, and domestic cats in Nebraska from 2021 to 2023. The goal of this effort was to determine the prevalence, phylogenetic and spatial distribution characteristics of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants using various diagnostic methodologies that can utilize both antemortem and postmortem samples, which may be required for wildlife such as white-tailed deer. Statewide surveillance testing revealed high variation in SARS-CoV-2 prevalence among species, with white-tailed deer identified as the primary reservoir. In 2021, seroprevalence in white-tailed deer was 63.73% (n = 91) and 39.66% (n = 237) in 2022, while virus detection in retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLN) was 16.35% (n = 483) in 2021 and 3.61% (n = 277) in 2022. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted on 11 positive samples from 2021. This analysis revealed the presence of four lineages of the Delta variant: AY.100, AY.119, AY.3, and AY.46.4. Conversely, other species showed no virus detection, except domestic cats, which had a low seroprevalence of 2.38% (n = 628) in 2022, indicating minimal exposure. The detection of SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer and the identification of multiple Delta lineages underscores the need for ongoing surveillance and the importance of using different diagnostic methodologies. These efforts are critical for understanding virus circulation and evolution in wildlife and domestic animals, informing public health strategies, and mitigating the risks of zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging infectious diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-6054779ad00b474b8b7a9c633ad4ac1b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-6054779ad00b474b8b7a9c633ad4ac1b2025-01-03T06:46:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692025-01-011110.3389/fvets.2024.14962071496207SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and detection in wild, captive, and domesticated animals in Nebraska: 2021–2023Duan Sriyotee Loy0Rachael Birn1Korakrit Poonsuk2Korakrit Poonsuk3Bryan Tegomoh4Amanda Bartling5Michael R. Wiley6John Dustin Loy7School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United StatesDepartment of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United StatesSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United StatesWashington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United StatesDivision of Public Health, Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, NE, United StatesDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United StatesDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United StatesSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United StatesWidespread surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 was conducted across wildlife, captive animals in zoological collections, and domestic cats in Nebraska from 2021 to 2023. The goal of this effort was to determine the prevalence, phylogenetic and spatial distribution characteristics of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants using various diagnostic methodologies that can utilize both antemortem and postmortem samples, which may be required for wildlife such as white-tailed deer. Statewide surveillance testing revealed high variation in SARS-CoV-2 prevalence among species, with white-tailed deer identified as the primary reservoir. In 2021, seroprevalence in white-tailed deer was 63.73% (n = 91) and 39.66% (n = 237) in 2022, while virus detection in retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLN) was 16.35% (n = 483) in 2021 and 3.61% (n = 277) in 2022. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted on 11 positive samples from 2021. This analysis revealed the presence of four lineages of the Delta variant: AY.100, AY.119, AY.3, and AY.46.4. Conversely, other species showed no virus detection, except domestic cats, which had a low seroprevalence of 2.38% (n = 628) in 2022, indicating minimal exposure. The detection of SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer and the identification of multiple Delta lineages underscores the need for ongoing surveillance and the importance of using different diagnostic methodologies. These efforts are critical for understanding virus circulation and evolution in wildlife and domestic animals, informing public health strategies, and mitigating the risks of zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and other emerging infectious diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1496207/fullSARS-CoV-2surveillancedeercatwildlifecaptive |
| spellingShingle | Duan Sriyotee Loy Rachael Birn Korakrit Poonsuk Korakrit Poonsuk Bryan Tegomoh Amanda Bartling Michael R. Wiley John Dustin Loy SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and detection in wild, captive, and domesticated animals in Nebraska: 2021–2023 Frontiers in Veterinary Science SARS-CoV-2 surveillance deer cat wildlife captive |
| title | SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and detection in wild, captive, and domesticated animals in Nebraska: 2021–2023 |
| title_full | SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and detection in wild, captive, and domesticated animals in Nebraska: 2021–2023 |
| title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and detection in wild, captive, and domesticated animals in Nebraska: 2021–2023 |
| title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and detection in wild, captive, and domesticated animals in Nebraska: 2021–2023 |
| title_short | SARS-CoV-2 surveillance and detection in wild, captive, and domesticated animals in Nebraska: 2021–2023 |
| title_sort | sars cov 2 surveillance and detection in wild captive and domesticated animals in nebraska 2021 2023 |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 surveillance deer cat wildlife captive |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2024.1496207/full |
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