Spectroscopic Modeling of Luminous Transients Powered by H-rich and He-rich Circumstellar Interaction
In this study, we perform detailed spectroscopic modeling to analyze the interaction of circumstellar material (CSM) with ejecta in both hydrogen-rich and hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), by systematically varying properties such as the CSM density, composition, and geometry to explor...
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad93d7 |
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| author | Gururaj A. Wagle Emmanouil Chatzopoulos Michael J. Baer |
| author_facet | Gururaj A. Wagle Emmanouil Chatzopoulos Michael J. Baer |
| author_sort | Gururaj A. Wagle |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we perform detailed spectroscopic modeling to analyze the interaction of circumstellar material (CSM) with ejecta in both hydrogen-rich and hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), by systematically varying properties such as the CSM density, composition, and geometry to explore their effects on spectral lines and light-curve evolution. Using advanced radiative transfer simulations with the new, open-source SuperLite code to generate synthetic spectra, we identify key spectroscopic indicators of CSM characteristics. Our findings demonstrate that spectral lines of hydrogen and helium exhibit significant variations due to differences in CSM mass and composition. In hydrogen-rich Type II SLSNe, we observe pronounced hydrogen emission lines that correlate strongly with a dense, extended CSM, suggesting massive, eruptive mass-loss histories. Conversely, in hydrogen-poor SLSNe, we recover mostly featureless spectra at early times, with weak hydrogen lines appearing only in the very early phases of the explosion, highlighting the quick ionization of traces of hydrogen present in the CSM. We analyze the properties of the resulting emission lines, particularly H _α and H _β , for our models using sophisticated statistical methods. This analysis reveals how variations in the SN progenitor and CSM properties can lead to distinct spectroscopic evolutions over time. These temporal changes provide crucial insights into the underlying physics driving the explosion and the subsequent interaction with the CSM. By linking these spectroscopic observations to the initial properties of the progenitor and its surrounding material, our study offers a useful tool for probing the pre-explosion histories of these explosive events. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-603694e30e504bdda55bcccd30ca6cc3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-603694e30e504bdda55bcccd30ca6cc32024-12-30T06:43:58ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-01978111210.3847/1538-4357/ad93d7Spectroscopic Modeling of Luminous Transients Powered by H-rich and He-rich Circumstellar InteractionGururaj A. Wagle0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3356-5855Emmanouil Chatzopoulos1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8179-1654Michael J. Baer2https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3209-685XInstitut d’Astronomie et d’Astrophysique, CP-226, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium ; gururaj.wagle@ulb.beDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; Institute of Astrophysics , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, 70013, GreeceDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University , Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USAIn this study, we perform detailed spectroscopic modeling to analyze the interaction of circumstellar material (CSM) with ejecta in both hydrogen-rich and hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), by systematically varying properties such as the CSM density, composition, and geometry to explore their effects on spectral lines and light-curve evolution. Using advanced radiative transfer simulations with the new, open-source SuperLite code to generate synthetic spectra, we identify key spectroscopic indicators of CSM characteristics. Our findings demonstrate that spectral lines of hydrogen and helium exhibit significant variations due to differences in CSM mass and composition. In hydrogen-rich Type II SLSNe, we observe pronounced hydrogen emission lines that correlate strongly with a dense, extended CSM, suggesting massive, eruptive mass-loss histories. Conversely, in hydrogen-poor SLSNe, we recover mostly featureless spectra at early times, with weak hydrogen lines appearing only in the very early phases of the explosion, highlighting the quick ionization of traces of hydrogen present in the CSM. We analyze the properties of the resulting emission lines, particularly H _α and H _β , for our models using sophisticated statistical methods. This analysis reveals how variations in the SN progenitor and CSM properties can lead to distinct spectroscopic evolutions over time. These temporal changes provide crucial insights into the underlying physics driving the explosion and the subsequent interaction with the CSM. By linking these spectroscopic observations to the initial properties of the progenitor and its surrounding material, our study offers a useful tool for probing the pre-explosion histories of these explosive events.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad93d7Radiative transferSupernovaeCircumstellar shellsStellar-interstellar interactionsMonte Carlo methodsTransient sources |
| spellingShingle | Gururaj A. Wagle Emmanouil Chatzopoulos Michael J. Baer Spectroscopic Modeling of Luminous Transients Powered by H-rich and He-rich Circumstellar Interaction The Astrophysical Journal Radiative transfer Supernovae Circumstellar shells Stellar-interstellar interactions Monte Carlo methods Transient sources |
| title | Spectroscopic Modeling of Luminous Transients Powered by H-rich and He-rich Circumstellar Interaction |
| title_full | Spectroscopic Modeling of Luminous Transients Powered by H-rich and He-rich Circumstellar Interaction |
| title_fullStr | Spectroscopic Modeling of Luminous Transients Powered by H-rich and He-rich Circumstellar Interaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spectroscopic Modeling of Luminous Transients Powered by H-rich and He-rich Circumstellar Interaction |
| title_short | Spectroscopic Modeling of Luminous Transients Powered by H-rich and He-rich Circumstellar Interaction |
| title_sort | spectroscopic modeling of luminous transients powered by h rich and he rich circumstellar interaction |
| topic | Radiative transfer Supernovae Circumstellar shells Stellar-interstellar interactions Monte Carlo methods Transient sources |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad93d7 |
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