Effect of overlay but not electronic blue filters on reading time and eye movements of children with developmental dyslexia

This study aimed to examine the effects of colored blue electronic and overlay filters on reading time and eye movements of children with and without dyslexia. Children with (n = 15, 11.1 ± 1.6 years old) and without dyslexia (n = 15, 10.6 ± 1.7 years old) seated on a chair, with their heads stabili...

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Main Authors: José A. Barela, Rafaela C. Mazzolani, Isabela H. Garrett, Ana Maria F. Barela, Michel A. Hospital, Gabriella A. Figueiredo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Language Sciences
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/flang.2025.1508098/full
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author José A. Barela
Rafaela C. Mazzolani
Isabela H. Garrett
Ana Maria F. Barela
Michel A. Hospital
Gabriella A. Figueiredo
author_facet José A. Barela
Rafaela C. Mazzolani
Isabela H. Garrett
Ana Maria F. Barela
Michel A. Hospital
Gabriella A. Figueiredo
author_sort José A. Barela
collection DOAJ
description This study aimed to examine the effects of colored blue electronic and overlay filters on reading time and eye movements of children with and without dyslexia. Children with (n = 15, 11.1 ± 1.6 years old) and without dyslexia (n = 15, 10.6 ± 1.7 years old) seated on a chair, with their heads stabilized by a forehead and chin support. They read different texts shown on a 14-inch laptop screen with no filter, blue electronic filter, and blue overlay filter. Eye movements were recorded using an eye-tracking system (ETG 2.0–SMI), and the total reading time duration, number and duration of fixation, and number and duration of saccades were obtained. Children with dyslexia showed longer reading durations and higher numbers of both fixations and saccades. In addition, they read faster with the blue overlay filter compared with the other conditions. Furthermore, the blue overlay filter reduced the fixation duration and increased the saccade duration. These results show that a blue overlay filter improves reading time in children with dyslexia owing to changes in eye movement patterns.
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series Frontiers in Language Sciences
spelling doaj-art-5ea8d785a1b249b78eeaec8c18e9e4d52025-08-20T03:53:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Language Sciences2813-46052025-05-01410.3389/flang.2025.15080981508098Effect of overlay but not electronic blue filters on reading time and eye movements of children with developmental dyslexiaJosé A. Barela0Rafaela C. Mazzolani1Isabela H. Garrett2Ana Maria F. Barela3Michel A. Hospital4Gabriella A. Figueiredo5Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilInstitute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilInstitute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilInstitute of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, BrazilDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, BrazilInstitute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, BrazilThis study aimed to examine the effects of colored blue electronic and overlay filters on reading time and eye movements of children with and without dyslexia. Children with (n = 15, 11.1 ± 1.6 years old) and without dyslexia (n = 15, 10.6 ± 1.7 years old) seated on a chair, with their heads stabilized by a forehead and chin support. They read different texts shown on a 14-inch laptop screen with no filter, blue electronic filter, and blue overlay filter. Eye movements were recorded using an eye-tracking system (ETG 2.0–SMI), and the total reading time duration, number and duration of fixation, and number and duration of saccades were obtained. Children with dyslexia showed longer reading durations and higher numbers of both fixations and saccades. In addition, they read faster with the blue overlay filter compared with the other conditions. Furthermore, the blue overlay filter reduced the fixation duration and increased the saccade duration. These results show that a blue overlay filter improves reading time in children with dyslexia owing to changes in eye movement patterns.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/flang.2025.1508098/fullcolor tinted filtereye movementreading fluencyelectronic filterdyslexia
spellingShingle José A. Barela
Rafaela C. Mazzolani
Isabela H. Garrett
Ana Maria F. Barela
Michel A. Hospital
Gabriella A. Figueiredo
Effect of overlay but not electronic blue filters on reading time and eye movements of children with developmental dyslexia
Frontiers in Language Sciences
color tinted filter
eye movement
reading fluency
electronic filter
dyslexia
title Effect of overlay but not electronic blue filters on reading time and eye movements of children with developmental dyslexia
title_full Effect of overlay but not electronic blue filters on reading time and eye movements of children with developmental dyslexia
title_fullStr Effect of overlay but not electronic blue filters on reading time and eye movements of children with developmental dyslexia
title_full_unstemmed Effect of overlay but not electronic blue filters on reading time and eye movements of children with developmental dyslexia
title_short Effect of overlay but not electronic blue filters on reading time and eye movements of children with developmental dyslexia
title_sort effect of overlay but not electronic blue filters on reading time and eye movements of children with developmental dyslexia
topic color tinted filter
eye movement
reading fluency
electronic filter
dyslexia
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/flang.2025.1508098/full
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