Impact of water stress on <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> abundance and Petri disease symptom development in young grapevines

Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (Pch) is one of the main pathogens causing Petri disease, a grapevine trunk disease responsible for the decline and mortality of grapevines within a few years after planting. Phaeomoniella chlamydospora has been shown to be prevalent in asymptomatic grapevine nursery mat...

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Main Authors: Jared Hrycan, Pat Bowen, Thomas Forge, Miranda Hart, Jose Ramon Úrbez-Torres
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: International Viticulture and Enology Society 2025-01-01
Series:OENO One
Subjects:
Online Access:https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/8317
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author Jared Hrycan
Pat Bowen
Thomas Forge
Miranda Hart
Jose Ramon Úrbez-Torres
author_facet Jared Hrycan
Pat Bowen
Thomas Forge
Miranda Hart
Jose Ramon Úrbez-Torres
author_sort Jared Hrycan
collection DOAJ
description Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (Pch) is one of the main pathogens causing Petri disease, a grapevine trunk disease responsible for the decline and mortality of grapevines within a few years after planting. Phaeomoniella chlamydospora has been shown to be prevalent in asymptomatic grapevine nursery material, leading to the hypothesis that it may act as a latent pathogen, transitioning from an endophytic to a pathogenic phase under grapevine stress. To investigate this hypothesis, a two-year greenhouse and a four-year field experiment were conducted on young self-rooted ‘Merlot’, and ‘Merlot’ grafted onto ‘SO4’ rootstock, artificially inoculated with different spore concentrations of Pch and subjected to water stress. Additionally, the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Rhizophagus irregularis was inoculated in the soil in the greenhouse experiment to investigate its effects on abiotic stress mitigation and thus, disease development in water stressed and non-stressed grapevines. DNA was extracted from the grapevine wood, and Droplet Digital™ PCR was conducted to determine Pch abundance before and after the experiments. In the greenhouse, Pch abundance in inoculated grapevines was greater in water stressed grapevines treated with AM than in stressed grapevines without AM or in non-stressed grapevines. Basal necrosis was greater in grapevines inoculated with Pch. In the field, Pch abundance was not affected by water stress, but basal necrosis was greater in grapevines inoculated with a high spore concentration of the fungus. Symptoms resembling Petri disease developed in the third year of the field experiment, where water stress increased grapevine mortality. This study shows that water stress may increase Pch abundance and mortality in young grapevines within the first few years after planting.
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spelling doaj-art-5ea352dea2b94de1adb0362ae230261d2025-01-04T11:09:29ZengInternational Viticulture and Enology SocietyOENO One2494-12712025-01-0159110.20870/oeno-one.2025.59.1.8317Impact of water stress on <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> abundance and Petri disease symptom development in young grapevinesJared Hrycan0Pat Bowen1Thomas Forge2Miranda Hart3Jose Ramon Úrbez-Torres4Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, Summerland, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, Canada - 2University of British Columbia Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, CanadaAgriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, Summerland, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, Canada.Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland Research and Development Centre, Summerland, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, Canada.University of British Columbia Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada Summerland Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC V0H 1Z0, Canada Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (Pch) is one of the main pathogens causing Petri disease, a grapevine trunk disease responsible for the decline and mortality of grapevines within a few years after planting. Phaeomoniella chlamydospora has been shown to be prevalent in asymptomatic grapevine nursery material, leading to the hypothesis that it may act as a latent pathogen, transitioning from an endophytic to a pathogenic phase under grapevine stress. To investigate this hypothesis, a two-year greenhouse and a four-year field experiment were conducted on young self-rooted ‘Merlot’, and ‘Merlot’ grafted onto ‘SO4’ rootstock, artificially inoculated with different spore concentrations of Pch and subjected to water stress. Additionally, the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Rhizophagus irregularis was inoculated in the soil in the greenhouse experiment to investigate its effects on abiotic stress mitigation and thus, disease development in water stressed and non-stressed grapevines. DNA was extracted from the grapevine wood, and Droplet Digital™ PCR was conducted to determine Pch abundance before and after the experiments. In the greenhouse, Pch abundance in inoculated grapevines was greater in water stressed grapevines treated with AM than in stressed grapevines without AM or in non-stressed grapevines. Basal necrosis was greater in grapevines inoculated with Pch. In the field, Pch abundance was not affected by water stress, but basal necrosis was greater in grapevines inoculated with a high spore concentration of the fungus. Symptoms resembling Petri disease developed in the third year of the field experiment, where water stress increased grapevine mortality. This study shows that water stress may increase Pch abundance and mortality in young grapevines within the first few years after planting. https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/8317Droplet Digital PCRwater stressPetri diseaseyoung vine decline<i>Vitis vinifera</i><i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i>
spellingShingle Jared Hrycan
Pat Bowen
Thomas Forge
Miranda Hart
Jose Ramon Úrbez-Torres
Impact of water stress on <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> abundance and Petri disease symptom development in young grapevines
OENO One
Droplet Digital PCR
water stress
Petri disease
young vine decline
<i>Vitis vinifera</i>
<i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i>
title Impact of water stress on <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> abundance and Petri disease symptom development in young grapevines
title_full Impact of water stress on <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> abundance and Petri disease symptom development in young grapevines
title_fullStr Impact of water stress on <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> abundance and Petri disease symptom development in young grapevines
title_full_unstemmed Impact of water stress on <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> abundance and Petri disease symptom development in young grapevines
title_short Impact of water stress on <i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i> abundance and Petri disease symptom development in young grapevines
title_sort impact of water stress on i phaeomoniella chlamydospora i abundance and petri disease symptom development in young grapevines
topic Droplet Digital PCR
water stress
Petri disease
young vine decline
<i>Vitis vinifera</i>
<i>Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</i>
url https://oeno-one.eu/article/view/8317
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