SARS-COV-2 re-infection and incidence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) among essential workers in New York: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in context
Summary: Background: After surviving Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), some people develop symptoms known as post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). PASC is an emerging phenomenon yet to be fully understood, and identifying risk factors has been challenging. This study investigated the associati...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | The Lancet Regional Health. Americas |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24003119 |
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| author | Tesleem K. Babalola Sean A.P. Clouston Zennur Sekendiz Devi Chowdhury Nicola Soriolo Joseph Kawuki Jaymie Meliker Melissa Carr Bruno R. Valenti Ashley Fontana Onix A. Melendez Olga Morozova Benjamin J. Luft |
| author_facet | Tesleem K. Babalola Sean A.P. Clouston Zennur Sekendiz Devi Chowdhury Nicola Soriolo Joseph Kawuki Jaymie Meliker Melissa Carr Bruno R. Valenti Ashley Fontana Onix A. Melendez Olga Morozova Benjamin J. Luft |
| author_sort | Tesleem K. Babalola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Background: After surviving Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), some people develop symptoms known as post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). PASC is an emerging phenomenon yet to be fully understood, and identifying risk factors has been challenging. This study investigated the association between the number of COVID-19 episodes and the incidence of PASC among essential workers. Methods: We analyzed data from 2511 essential workers, mainly first responders, with confirmed polymerase chain reaction, antibody, or antigen-positive test results for SARS-CoV-2 infection from March 2020 to February 2024. Data were collected through in-person questionnaires and surveys sent via text and email, internal medical records, follow-up calls, and external medical records. Participants who reported continuation or the development of new symptoms three months after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, with symptoms lasting for at least two months, were categorized as having PASC, while those without any COVID-19 or whose symptoms resolved were classified as non-PASC. PASC was common in this cohort so we used a Poisson regression model to compute multivariable-adjusted Relative Risk (RR) for the association between risk of PASC and SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, severity, and vaccination status at first infection. Findings: A total of 475 (prevalence = 18.9%, [95% confidence interval] = [17.4–20.5]) PASC patients were identified. The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of participants who experienced PASC (54.8 (7.2) years) was similar to those who did not (54.2 (7.4) years). There were 403 (16.1% [14.6–17.5]) participants who experienced multiple instances of COVID-19. After adjusting for relevant demographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables, we found a significant association between the risk of experiencing PASC and multiple SARS-COV-2 infections (RR = 1.41 [1.14–1.74]), severe COVID-19 (RR = 3.17 [2.41–4.16]), and being unvaccinated at first infection (RR = 3.29 [2.46–4.41]). Interpretation: Although the pathogenetic mechanism for PASC remains unclear, identifying risk factors such as lack of vaccination or re-infection can assist in better understanding and managing the condition. Funding: National Institute on Aging (NIH/NIA R01 AG049953) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC/NIOSH U01 OH011864) and (CDC/NIOSH U01 OH012275). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5e78ea8ecb5243a78e25bb466eef2727 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2667-193X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | The Lancet Regional Health. Americas |
| spelling | doaj-art-5e78ea8ecb5243a78e25bb466eef27272025-01-09T06:14:53ZengElsevierThe Lancet Regional Health. Americas2667-193X2025-02-0142100984SARS-COV-2 re-infection and incidence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) among essential workers in New York: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in contextTesleem K. Babalola0Sean A.P. Clouston1Zennur Sekendiz2Devi Chowdhury3Nicola Soriolo4Joseph Kawuki5Jaymie Meliker6Melissa Carr7Bruno R. Valenti8Ashley Fontana9Onix A. Melendez10Olga Morozova11Benjamin J. Luft12Program in Public Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USAProgram in Public Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USA; Corresponding author. Program in Public Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.World Trade Center Health Program, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USAWorld Trade Center Health Program, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USAPreventive Medicine Division, Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USA; Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, ItalyProgram in Public Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USAProgram in Public Health, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USAWorld Trade Center Health Program, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USAWorld Trade Center Health Program, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USAWorld Trade Center Health Program, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USAWorld Trade Center Health Program, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USADepartment of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USAWorld Trade Center Health Program, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, NY, USASummary: Background: After surviving Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), some people develop symptoms known as post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). PASC is an emerging phenomenon yet to be fully understood, and identifying risk factors has been challenging. This study investigated the association between the number of COVID-19 episodes and the incidence of PASC among essential workers. Methods: We analyzed data from 2511 essential workers, mainly first responders, with confirmed polymerase chain reaction, antibody, or antigen-positive test results for SARS-CoV-2 infection from March 2020 to February 2024. Data were collected through in-person questionnaires and surveys sent via text and email, internal medical records, follow-up calls, and external medical records. Participants who reported continuation or the development of new symptoms three months after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, with symptoms lasting for at least two months, were categorized as having PASC, while those without any COVID-19 or whose symptoms resolved were classified as non-PASC. PASC was common in this cohort so we used a Poisson regression model to compute multivariable-adjusted Relative Risk (RR) for the association between risk of PASC and SARS-CoV-2 re-infection, severity, and vaccination status at first infection. Findings: A total of 475 (prevalence = 18.9%, [95% confidence interval] = [17.4–20.5]) PASC patients were identified. The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of participants who experienced PASC (54.8 (7.2) years) was similar to those who did not (54.2 (7.4) years). There were 403 (16.1% [14.6–17.5]) participants who experienced multiple instances of COVID-19. After adjusting for relevant demographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables, we found a significant association between the risk of experiencing PASC and multiple SARS-COV-2 infections (RR = 1.41 [1.14–1.74]), severe COVID-19 (RR = 3.17 [2.41–4.16]), and being unvaccinated at first infection (RR = 3.29 [2.46–4.41]). Interpretation: Although the pathogenetic mechanism for PASC remains unclear, identifying risk factors such as lack of vaccination or re-infection can assist in better understanding and managing the condition. Funding: National Institute on Aging (NIH/NIA R01 AG049953) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC/NIOSH U01 OH011864) and (CDC/NIOSH U01 OH012275).http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24003119COVID-19Post-COVID-19SARS-COV-2ReinfectionSeverityVaccination |
| spellingShingle | Tesleem K. Babalola Sean A.P. Clouston Zennur Sekendiz Devi Chowdhury Nicola Soriolo Joseph Kawuki Jaymie Meliker Melissa Carr Bruno R. Valenti Ashley Fontana Onix A. Melendez Olga Morozova Benjamin J. Luft SARS-COV-2 re-infection and incidence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) among essential workers in New York: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in context The Lancet Regional Health. Americas COVID-19 Post-COVID-19 SARS-COV-2 Reinfection Severity Vaccination |
| title | SARS-COV-2 re-infection and incidence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) among essential workers in New York: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in context |
| title_full | SARS-COV-2 re-infection and incidence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) among essential workers in New York: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in context |
| title_fullStr | SARS-COV-2 re-infection and incidence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) among essential workers in New York: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in context |
| title_full_unstemmed | SARS-COV-2 re-infection and incidence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) among essential workers in New York: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in context |
| title_short | SARS-COV-2 re-infection and incidence of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) among essential workers in New York: a retrospective cohort studyResearch in context |
| title_sort | sars cov 2 re infection and incidence of post acute sequelae of covid 19 pasc among essential workers in new york a retrospective cohort studyresearch in context |
| topic | COVID-19 Post-COVID-19 SARS-COV-2 Reinfection Severity Vaccination |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667193X24003119 |
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