Normal Blood Pressure, High Normal Blood Pressure, and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
ABSTRACT Background and Aims This study aimed to investigate the association between normal BP, (blood pressure [BP] 120–129/80–84 mmHg), and high normal BP, (BP 130–139/85–89 mmHg), compared to optimal BP, and risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods A population‐based cohort study was performed i...
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Wiley
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71002 |
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| author | Cecilia Johansson Lars Johansson Marie Eriksson Jonas Andersson Marcus M. Lind |
| author_facet | Cecilia Johansson Lars Johansson Marie Eriksson Jonas Andersson Marcus M. Lind |
| author_sort | Cecilia Johansson |
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| description | ABSTRACT Background and Aims This study aimed to investigate the association between normal BP, (blood pressure [BP] 120–129/80–84 mmHg), and high normal BP, (BP 130–139/85–89 mmHg), compared to optimal BP, and risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods A population‐based cohort study was performed including inhabitants of Västerbotten County, Sweden, aged 30–60 years without AF at inclusion who participated in health examinations in 1988–2014. Approximately 40% of participants had ≥ 2 health examinations. The health examination included a questionnaire and measurement of BP, weight, height, and glucose. Cox regression with time‐updated covariates was used to estimate the association between BP and AF risk. Restricted cubic spline analyses were performed. Results The cohort included 109,697 persons with 162,982 observations and a mean follow‐up of 13.6 years. Incident AF was diagnosed in 5260 participants. We found an increased risk of incident AF associated with normal BP (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.27) and high normal BP (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10–1.38) compared to optimal BP after multivariable adjustment. Systolic BP and diastolic BP in 10 mmHg increments were associated with risk of incident AF, with HRs of 1.11 (95% CI 1.10–1.13) and 1.13 (95% CI 1.09–1.16), respectively, in multivariable models. A restricted cubic spline analysis indicated that the AF risk increased gradually with increasing systolic and diastolic BP. Conclusion Individuals with both normal BP and high normal BP have an increased risk of developing incident AF. The risk of AF increased gradually with increasing systolic and diastolic BP. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5e1b6ee4b71a4d32b9af1d8bd5067313 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2398-8835 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Health Science Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-5e1b6ee4b71a4d32b9af1d8bd50673132025-08-20T04:02:06ZengWileyHealth Science Reports2398-88352025-07-0187n/an/a10.1002/hsr2.71002Normal Blood Pressure, High Normal Blood Pressure, and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Population‐Based Cohort StudyCecilia Johansson0Lars Johansson1Marie Eriksson2Jonas Andersson3Marcus M. Lind4Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit Umeå University Skellefteå SwedenDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit Umeå University Skellefteå SwedenDepartment of Statistics, USBE Umeå University Umeå SwedenDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit Umeå University Skellefteå SwedenDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit Umeå University Skellefteå SwedenABSTRACT Background and Aims This study aimed to investigate the association between normal BP, (blood pressure [BP] 120–129/80–84 mmHg), and high normal BP, (BP 130–139/85–89 mmHg), compared to optimal BP, and risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods A population‐based cohort study was performed including inhabitants of Västerbotten County, Sweden, aged 30–60 years without AF at inclusion who participated in health examinations in 1988–2014. Approximately 40% of participants had ≥ 2 health examinations. The health examination included a questionnaire and measurement of BP, weight, height, and glucose. Cox regression with time‐updated covariates was used to estimate the association between BP and AF risk. Restricted cubic spline analyses were performed. Results The cohort included 109,697 persons with 162,982 observations and a mean follow‐up of 13.6 years. Incident AF was diagnosed in 5260 participants. We found an increased risk of incident AF associated with normal BP (hazard ratio [HR] 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.27) and high normal BP (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10–1.38) compared to optimal BP after multivariable adjustment. Systolic BP and diastolic BP in 10 mmHg increments were associated with risk of incident AF, with HRs of 1.11 (95% CI 1.10–1.13) and 1.13 (95% CI 1.09–1.16), respectively, in multivariable models. A restricted cubic spline analysis indicated that the AF risk increased gradually with increasing systolic and diastolic BP. Conclusion Individuals with both normal BP and high normal BP have an increased risk of developing incident AF. The risk of AF increased gradually with increasing systolic and diastolic BP.https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71002atrial fibrillationblood pressurecohort studyhypertensionrisk factor |
| spellingShingle | Cecilia Johansson Lars Johansson Marie Eriksson Jonas Andersson Marcus M. Lind Normal Blood Pressure, High Normal Blood Pressure, and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Population‐Based Cohort Study Health Science Reports atrial fibrillation blood pressure cohort study hypertension risk factor |
| title | Normal Blood Pressure, High Normal Blood Pressure, and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Population‐Based Cohort Study |
| title_full | Normal Blood Pressure, High Normal Blood Pressure, and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Population‐Based Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Normal Blood Pressure, High Normal Blood Pressure, and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Population‐Based Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Normal Blood Pressure, High Normal Blood Pressure, and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Population‐Based Cohort Study |
| title_short | Normal Blood Pressure, High Normal Blood Pressure, and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: A Population‐Based Cohort Study |
| title_sort | normal blood pressure high normal blood pressure and risk of incident atrial fibrillation a population based cohort study |
| topic | atrial fibrillation blood pressure cohort study hypertension risk factor |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.71002 |
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