Antibody-Drug Conjugates in Solid Tumors
Solid tumors account for approximately 90% of all types of cancer. For many tumor types, the availability of effective treatment options is limited and new targeted approaches that offer the potential for long-term survival are warranted. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a new class of drugs that...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
THE HEALTHBOOK COMPANY LTD.
2022-03-01
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| Series: | healthbook TIMES. Oncology Hematology |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.36000/hbT.OH.2022.11.062 |
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| Summary: | Solid tumors account for approximately 90% of all types of cancer. For many tumor types, the availability of effective treatment options is limited and new targeted approaches that offer the potential for long-term survival are warranted. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a new class of drugs that have emerged as a promising therapeutic option and have shown significant clinical benefit in selected malignancies. ADCs are highly targeted drugs, comprising tumor antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies conjugated to cytotoxic agents via a stable chemical linker. The binding of the antibody to the target antigen leads to the internalization of the antibody-antigen complex through receptor-mediated endocytosis, followed by the release of cytotoxin during lysosomal processing. Three ADCs, trastuzumab emtansine, trastuzumab deruxtecan and sacituzumab govitecan, are now available in Switzerland for the treatment of patients with early, locally advanced or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer and metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, respectively. In addition, enfortumab vedotin was recently approved by Swissmedic for the treatment of adult patients with previously treated locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer. Despite a clear clinical benefit with currently approved ADCs, they have some limitations, including dose-limiting toxicities and poor tumor penetration. However, while the promise of a targeted chemotherapeutic agent with less toxicity has yet to be fully realized in solid tumors, more than 80 ADCs are being evaluated in active clinical trials. The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with an up-to-date overview of the current clinical landscape of ADCs in solid tumors. |
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| ISSN: | 2673-2106 |