Resource Optimization for Grid-Connected Smart Green Townhouses Using Deep Hybrid Machine Learning

This paper examines Connected Smart Green Townhouses (CSGTs) as a modern residential building model in Burnaby, British Columbia (BC). This model incorporates a wide range of sustainable materials and smart components such as recycled insulation, Photovoltaic (PV) solar panels, smart meters, and hig...

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Main Authors: Seyed Morteza Moghimi, Thomas Aaron Gulliver, Ilamparithi Thirumarai Chelvan, Hossen Teimoorinia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/23/6201
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author Seyed Morteza Moghimi
Thomas Aaron Gulliver
Ilamparithi Thirumarai Chelvan
Hossen Teimoorinia
author_facet Seyed Morteza Moghimi
Thomas Aaron Gulliver
Ilamparithi Thirumarai Chelvan
Hossen Teimoorinia
author_sort Seyed Morteza Moghimi
collection DOAJ
description This paper examines Connected Smart Green Townhouses (CSGTs) as a modern residential building model in Burnaby, British Columbia (BC). This model incorporates a wide range of sustainable materials and smart components such as recycled insulation, Photovoltaic (PV) solar panels, smart meters, and high-efficiency systems. The CSGTs operate in grid-connected mode to balance on-site renewables with grid resources to improve efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. Real datasets are used to optimize resource consumption, including electricity, gas, and water. Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), such as PV systems, are integrated with smart grid technology. This creates an effective framework for managing energy consumption. The accuracy, efficiency, emissions, and cost are metrics used to evaluate CSGT performance. CSGTs with one to four bedrooms are investigated considering water systems and party walls. A deep Machine Learning (ML) model combining Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed to improve the performance. In particular, the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) is below 5%, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) are within acceptable levels, and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> is consistently above 0.85. The proposed model outperforms other models such as Linear Regression (LR), CNN, LSTM, Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosting (GB) for all bedroom configurations.
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spelling doaj-art-5cdcfbfc1556404eb112b3e8f68dc2d32024-12-13T16:26:21ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-12-011723620110.3390/en17236201Resource Optimization for Grid-Connected Smart Green Townhouses Using Deep Hybrid Machine LearningSeyed Morteza Moghimi0Thomas Aaron Gulliver1Ilamparithi Thirumarai Chelvan2Hossen Teimoorinia3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, CanadaDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, CanadaNRC Herzberg Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, CanadaThis paper examines Connected Smart Green Townhouses (CSGTs) as a modern residential building model in Burnaby, British Columbia (BC). This model incorporates a wide range of sustainable materials and smart components such as recycled insulation, Photovoltaic (PV) solar panels, smart meters, and high-efficiency systems. The CSGTs operate in grid-connected mode to balance on-site renewables with grid resources to improve efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability. Real datasets are used to optimize resource consumption, including electricity, gas, and water. Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), such as PV systems, are integrated with smart grid technology. This creates an effective framework for managing energy consumption. The accuracy, efficiency, emissions, and cost are metrics used to evaluate CSGT performance. CSGTs with one to four bedrooms are investigated considering water systems and party walls. A deep Machine Learning (ML) model combining Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is proposed to improve the performance. In particular, the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) is below 5%, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) are within acceptable levels, and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> is consistently above 0.85. The proposed model outperforms other models such as Linear Regression (LR), CNN, LSTM, Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosting (GB) for all bedroom configurations.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/23/6201connected smart buildingsefficiency developmentenergy optimizationgreen buildingsmachine learning
spellingShingle Seyed Morteza Moghimi
Thomas Aaron Gulliver
Ilamparithi Thirumarai Chelvan
Hossen Teimoorinia
Resource Optimization for Grid-Connected Smart Green Townhouses Using Deep Hybrid Machine Learning
Energies
connected smart buildings
efficiency development
energy optimization
green buildings
machine learning
title Resource Optimization for Grid-Connected Smart Green Townhouses Using Deep Hybrid Machine Learning
title_full Resource Optimization for Grid-Connected Smart Green Townhouses Using Deep Hybrid Machine Learning
title_fullStr Resource Optimization for Grid-Connected Smart Green Townhouses Using Deep Hybrid Machine Learning
title_full_unstemmed Resource Optimization for Grid-Connected Smart Green Townhouses Using Deep Hybrid Machine Learning
title_short Resource Optimization for Grid-Connected Smart Green Townhouses Using Deep Hybrid Machine Learning
title_sort resource optimization for grid connected smart green townhouses using deep hybrid machine learning
topic connected smart buildings
efficiency development
energy optimization
green buildings
machine learning
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/23/6201
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