Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: options, monitoring, special cases and adverse effects
Introduction: Hepatitis B remains a significant clinical issue. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, the world is still not free from this problem. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects approximately 296 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of cirrhosis and l...
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Kazimierz Wielki University
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Education, Health and Sport |
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| Online Access: | https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/57419 |
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| author | Mateusz Litwin Litwin Agnieszka Mikosińska Jakub Parys Patrycja Kałuziak Aleksandra Witek Martyna Kaźmierczak Stanisław Jesionek Marta Jajczak Maciej Mossakowski |
| author_facet | Mateusz Litwin Litwin Agnieszka Mikosińska Jakub Parys Patrycja Kałuziak Aleksandra Witek Martyna Kaźmierczak Stanisław Jesionek Marta Jajczak Maciej Mossakowski |
| author_sort | Mateusz Litwin Litwin |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Introduction:
Hepatitis B remains a significant clinical issue. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, the world is still not free from this problem. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects approximately 296 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer globally. HBV-related cirrhosis resulted in an estimated 331,000 deaths in 2019, and it is estimated that the number of deaths from HBV-related liver cancer in 2019 was 192,000, an increase from 156,000 in 2010. The rate of vaccination is particularly unsatisfactory in low-income countries, but even in high-income countries, the issue of hepatitis B has not been completely eradicated.
Aim of the study: The aim of this paper is primarily to systematize knowledge regarding the natural course of HBV infection and therapeutic options for chronic hepatitis B, both in adults and children. It also aims to highlight the principles of monitoring pharmacotherapy. The paper also describes therapeutic possibilities in special cases, such as pregnancy, liver transplantation, and the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. Attention is also given to the potential adverse effects of pharmacotherapy.
Conclusions:
As hepatitis B infection continues to pose a significant global health challenge and remains the leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, it is essential to review the available treatment options for this condition. Even in Europe, where vaccination coverage has reached high levels, cases of hepatitis B are still detected, often incidentally. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of therapeutic approaches for chronic hepatitis B, considering factors such as patient age, clinical status, and liver fibrosis stage. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of monitoring treatment efficacy and safety, while also addressing the potential adverse effects associated with antiviral therapy.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5cd7ca03580d46af8391c5e58ca2a8c1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2391-8306 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Kazimierz Wielki University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Education, Health and Sport |
| spelling | doaj-art-5cd7ca03580d46af8391c5e58ca2a8c12025-01-08T08:16:37ZengKazimierz Wielki UniversityJournal of Education, Health and Sport2391-83062025-01-017710.12775/JEHS.2025.77.57419Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: options, monitoring, special cases and adverse effectsMateusz Litwin Litwin0https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5131-1863Agnieszka Mikosińska1https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0891-9089Jakub Parys2https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1955-7865Patrycja Kałuziak3https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0976-1523Aleksandra Witek4https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1214-2199Martyna Kaźmierczak5https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7798-0069Stanisław Jesionek6https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6026-702XMarta Jajczak7https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6000-7769Maciej Mossakowski8https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0423-2083University Clinical Hospital No.2 of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandCentral Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz Central Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz Charles Jonscher Medical Center, ul. Milionowa 14, 93-113 Lodz: Lodz, Poland, PL Central Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz Central Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Łódź, PolandPabianice Medical Center Sp. o.o., ul. Jana Pawła II 68, 95-200 Pabianice, Poland University Clinical Hospital No.2 of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Żeromskiego 113, 90-549 Łódź, PolandCentral Clinical Hospital of Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Łódź, Poland Introduction: Hepatitis B remains a significant clinical issue. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, the world is still not free from this problem. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects approximately 296 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of cirrhosis and liver cancer globally. HBV-related cirrhosis resulted in an estimated 331,000 deaths in 2019, and it is estimated that the number of deaths from HBV-related liver cancer in 2019 was 192,000, an increase from 156,000 in 2010. The rate of vaccination is particularly unsatisfactory in low-income countries, but even in high-income countries, the issue of hepatitis B has not been completely eradicated. Aim of the study: The aim of this paper is primarily to systematize knowledge regarding the natural course of HBV infection and therapeutic options for chronic hepatitis B, both in adults and children. It also aims to highlight the principles of monitoring pharmacotherapy. The paper also describes therapeutic possibilities in special cases, such as pregnancy, liver transplantation, and the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy. Attention is also given to the potential adverse effects of pharmacotherapy. Conclusions: As hepatitis B infection continues to pose a significant global health challenge and remains the leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, it is essential to review the available treatment options for this condition. Even in Europe, where vaccination coverage has reached high levels, cases of hepatitis B are still detected, often incidentally. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of therapeutic approaches for chronic hepatitis B, considering factors such as patient age, clinical status, and liver fibrosis stage. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of monitoring treatment efficacy and safety, while also addressing the potential adverse effects associated with antiviral therapy. https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/57419hepatitishepatitis Bhepatitis B treatmenthepatitis B treatment side effectshepatitis b monitoring therapyhepatitis b special cases |
| spellingShingle | Mateusz Litwin Litwin Agnieszka Mikosińska Jakub Parys Patrycja Kałuziak Aleksandra Witek Martyna Kaźmierczak Stanisław Jesionek Marta Jajczak Maciej Mossakowski Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: options, monitoring, special cases and adverse effects Journal of Education, Health and Sport hepatitis hepatitis B hepatitis B treatment hepatitis B treatment side effects hepatitis b monitoring therapy hepatitis b special cases |
| title | Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: options, monitoring, special cases and adverse effects |
| title_full | Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: options, monitoring, special cases and adverse effects |
| title_fullStr | Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: options, monitoring, special cases and adverse effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: options, monitoring, special cases and adverse effects |
| title_short | Treatment of chronic hepatitis B: options, monitoring, special cases and adverse effects |
| title_sort | treatment of chronic hepatitis b options monitoring special cases and adverse effects |
| topic | hepatitis hepatitis B hepatitis B treatment hepatitis B treatment side effects hepatitis b monitoring therapy hepatitis b special cases |
| url | https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/57419 |
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