Albumin corrected anion gap and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with acute kidney injury caused or accompanied by sepsis: a MIMIC-IV retrospective study
Abstract Background Elderly acute kidney injury (AKI) occurring in the intensive care unit (ICU), particularly when caused or accompanied by sepsis, is linked to extended hospital stays, increased mortality rates, heightened prevalence of chronic diseases, and diminished quality of life. This study...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Medical Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-024-02238-z |
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| author | Yongbin Wang Lei Zhong Jie Min Jianhong Lu Jinyu Zhang Jiajun Su |
| author_facet | Yongbin Wang Lei Zhong Jie Min Jianhong Lu Jinyu Zhang Jiajun Su |
| author_sort | Yongbin Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Elderly acute kidney injury (AKI) occurring in the intensive care unit (ICU), particularly when caused or accompanied by sepsis, is linked to extended hospital stays, increased mortality rates, heightened prevalence of chronic diseases, and diminished quality of life. This study primarily utilizes a comprehensive critical care database to examine the correlation of albumin corrected anion gap (ACAG) levels with short-term prognosis in elderly patients with AKI caused or accompanied by sepsis, thus assisting physicians in early identification of high-risk patients. Methods This study utilized data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV, v2.0) database. The patient population was divided into death and survival groups based on a 14-day prognosis. Subsequently, the entire population was further categorized into a normal ACAG group (12–20 mmol/L) and a high ACAG group (> 20 mmol/L) based on ACAG levels. The LASSO regression cross-validation method was employed to identify significant risk factors for inclusion in multivariate Cox regression analyses. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was then employed to visually represent the correlation between ACAG levels and the risk of mortality in patients. Kaplan–Meier curves were utilized to plot the cumulative survival rates at 14 and 30 days for both patient groups. The robustness of the findings was subsequently evaluated through subgroup analyses. Results Our study identified a total of 3741 eligible subjects, revealing higher all-cause mortality rates at both 14-day and 30-day intervals in the high ACAG group compared to the normal ACAG group (χ2 = 87.023, P < 0.001; χ2 = 90.508, P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis further demonstrated that an elevated ACAG on ICU admission independently posed a risk factor for both 14- and 30-day prognosis within this population. In addition, the analysis conducted using RCS revealed a non-linear association between the levels of ACAG and the risk of mortality at both 14 and 30 days in the patient cohort (χ2 = 18.220, P < 0.001; χ2 = 18.360, P < 0.001). The application of Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in cumulative survival rates among individuals with high ACAG levels (P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated that ACAG levels interacted with cerebrovascular disease and acute pancreatitis on 14-day mortality (P < 0.05 for interaction). Conclusion Elevated ACAG levels at ICU admission are an independent risk factor for poor short-term prognosis, correlating with increased all-cause mortality at 14 and 30 days in elderly patients with AKI caused or accompanied by sepsis. This highlights the importance of monitoring ACAG in critically ill patients to identify those at higher risk of adverse outcomes early. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5bd257ec373a44aeb9ee870217487d05 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2047-783X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | European Journal of Medical Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-5bd257ec373a44aeb9ee870217487d052025-01-12T12:12:51ZengBMCEuropean Journal of Medical Research2047-783X2025-01-0130111010.1186/s40001-024-02238-zAlbumin corrected anion gap and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with acute kidney injury caused or accompanied by sepsis: a MIMIC-IV retrospective studyYongbin Wang0Lei Zhong1Jie Min2Jianhong Lu3Jinyu Zhang4Jiajun Su5Department of Intensive Care Unit, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou UniversityDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou UniversityDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou UniversityDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou UniversityDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou UniversityDepartment of Emergency, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou UniversityAbstract Background Elderly acute kidney injury (AKI) occurring in the intensive care unit (ICU), particularly when caused or accompanied by sepsis, is linked to extended hospital stays, increased mortality rates, heightened prevalence of chronic diseases, and diminished quality of life. This study primarily utilizes a comprehensive critical care database to examine the correlation of albumin corrected anion gap (ACAG) levels with short-term prognosis in elderly patients with AKI caused or accompanied by sepsis, thus assisting physicians in early identification of high-risk patients. Methods This study utilized data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV, v2.0) database. The patient population was divided into death and survival groups based on a 14-day prognosis. Subsequently, the entire population was further categorized into a normal ACAG group (12–20 mmol/L) and a high ACAG group (> 20 mmol/L) based on ACAG levels. The LASSO regression cross-validation method was employed to identify significant risk factors for inclusion in multivariate Cox regression analyses. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was then employed to visually represent the correlation between ACAG levels and the risk of mortality in patients. Kaplan–Meier curves were utilized to plot the cumulative survival rates at 14 and 30 days for both patient groups. The robustness of the findings was subsequently evaluated through subgroup analyses. Results Our study identified a total of 3741 eligible subjects, revealing higher all-cause mortality rates at both 14-day and 30-day intervals in the high ACAG group compared to the normal ACAG group (χ2 = 87.023, P < 0.001; χ2 = 90.508, P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis further demonstrated that an elevated ACAG on ICU admission independently posed a risk factor for both 14- and 30-day prognosis within this population. In addition, the analysis conducted using RCS revealed a non-linear association between the levels of ACAG and the risk of mortality at both 14 and 30 days in the patient cohort (χ2 = 18.220, P < 0.001; χ2 = 18.360, P < 0.001). The application of Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in cumulative survival rates among individuals with high ACAG levels (P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses indicated that ACAG levels interacted with cerebrovascular disease and acute pancreatitis on 14-day mortality (P < 0.05 for interaction). Conclusion Elevated ACAG levels at ICU admission are an independent risk factor for poor short-term prognosis, correlating with increased all-cause mortality at 14 and 30 days in elderly patients with AKI caused or accompanied by sepsis. This highlights the importance of monitoring ACAG in critically ill patients to identify those at higher risk of adverse outcomes early.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-024-02238-zAlbumin corrected anion gapAcute kidney injurySepsisPrognosisMIMIC-IV database |
| spellingShingle | Yongbin Wang Lei Zhong Jie Min Jianhong Lu Jinyu Zhang Jiajun Su Albumin corrected anion gap and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with acute kidney injury caused or accompanied by sepsis: a MIMIC-IV retrospective study European Journal of Medical Research Albumin corrected anion gap Acute kidney injury Sepsis Prognosis MIMIC-IV database |
| title | Albumin corrected anion gap and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with acute kidney injury caused or accompanied by sepsis: a MIMIC-IV retrospective study |
| title_full | Albumin corrected anion gap and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with acute kidney injury caused or accompanied by sepsis: a MIMIC-IV retrospective study |
| title_fullStr | Albumin corrected anion gap and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with acute kidney injury caused or accompanied by sepsis: a MIMIC-IV retrospective study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Albumin corrected anion gap and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with acute kidney injury caused or accompanied by sepsis: a MIMIC-IV retrospective study |
| title_short | Albumin corrected anion gap and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with acute kidney injury caused or accompanied by sepsis: a MIMIC-IV retrospective study |
| title_sort | albumin corrected anion gap and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with acute kidney injury caused or accompanied by sepsis a mimic iv retrospective study |
| topic | Albumin corrected anion gap Acute kidney injury Sepsis Prognosis MIMIC-IV database |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-024-02238-z |
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