A Magnetic Photocatalytic Composite Derived from Waste Rice Noodle and Red Mud
This study is the first to convert two waste materials, waste rice noodles (WRN) and red mud (RM), into a low-cost, high-value magnetic photocatalytic composite. WRN was processed via a hydrothermal method to produce a solution containing carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Simultaneously, RM was dissolved...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Qing Liu Wanying Ying Hailing Gou Minghui Li Ke Huang Renyuan Xu Guanzhi Ding Pengyu Wang Shuoping Chen |
| author_facet | Qing Liu Wanying Ying Hailing Gou Minghui Li Ke Huang Renyuan Xu Guanzhi Ding Pengyu Wang Shuoping Chen |
| author_sort | Qing Liu |
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| description | This study is the first to convert two waste materials, waste rice noodles (WRN) and red mud (RM), into a low-cost, high-value magnetic photocatalytic composite. WRN was processed via a hydrothermal method to produce a solution containing carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Simultaneously, RM was dissolved in acid to form a Fe<sup>3+</sup> ion-rich solution, which was subsequently mixed with the CQDs solution and underwent hydrothermal treatment. During this process, the Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions in RM were transformed into the maghemite (γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) phase, while CQDs were incorporated onto the γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> surface, resulting in the CQDs/γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> magnetic photocatalytic composite. Experimental results demonstrated that the WRN-derived CQDs not only facilitated the formation of the magnetic γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phase but also promoted a synergistic interaction between CQDs and γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, enhancing electron-hole pair separation and boosting the production of reactive radicals such as O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> and ·OH. Under optimized conditions (pH = 8, carbon loading: 10 wt%), the CQDs/γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite exhibited good photocatalytic performance against methylene blue, achieving a 97.6% degradation rate within 480 min and a degradation rate constant of 5.99 × 10<sup>−3</sup> min<sup>−1</sup>, significantly outperforming RM and commercial γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> powder. Beyond methylene blue, this composite also effectively degraded common organic dyes, including malachite green, methyl violet, basic fuchsin, and rhodamine B, with particularly high efficiency against malachite green, reaching a degradation rate constant of 5.465 × 10<sup>−2</sup> min<sup>−1</sup>. Additionally, due to its soft magnetic properties (saturation magnetization intensity: 16.7 emu/g, residual magnetization intensity: 2.2 emu/g), the material could be conveniently recovered and reused after photocatalytic cycles. Even after 10 cycles, it retained over 98% recovery and 96% photocatalytic degradation efficiency, underscoring its potential for cost-effective, large-scale photocatalytic water purification. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-5b0b1b6486a748098f894a60315cd5c62025-01-10T13:19:22ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912024-12-011515110.3390/nano15010051A Magnetic Photocatalytic Composite Derived from Waste Rice Noodle and Red MudQing Liu0Wanying Ying1Hailing Gou2Minghui Li3Ke Huang4Renyuan Xu5Guanzhi Ding6Pengyu Wang7Shuoping Chen8College of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, ChinaThis study is the first to convert two waste materials, waste rice noodles (WRN) and red mud (RM), into a low-cost, high-value magnetic photocatalytic composite. WRN was processed via a hydrothermal method to produce a solution containing carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Simultaneously, RM was dissolved in acid to form a Fe<sup>3+</sup> ion-rich solution, which was subsequently mixed with the CQDs solution and underwent hydrothermal treatment. During this process, the Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions in RM were transformed into the maghemite (γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) phase, while CQDs were incorporated onto the γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> surface, resulting in the CQDs/γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> magnetic photocatalytic composite. Experimental results demonstrated that the WRN-derived CQDs not only facilitated the formation of the magnetic γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> phase but also promoted a synergistic interaction between CQDs and γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, enhancing electron-hole pair separation and boosting the production of reactive radicals such as O<sub>2</sub><sup>·−</sup> and ·OH. Under optimized conditions (pH = 8, carbon loading: 10 wt%), the CQDs/γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> composite exhibited good photocatalytic performance against methylene blue, achieving a 97.6% degradation rate within 480 min and a degradation rate constant of 5.99 × 10<sup>−3</sup> min<sup>−1</sup>, significantly outperforming RM and commercial γ-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> powder. Beyond methylene blue, this composite also effectively degraded common organic dyes, including malachite green, methyl violet, basic fuchsin, and rhodamine B, with particularly high efficiency against malachite green, reaching a degradation rate constant of 5.465 × 10<sup>−2</sup> min<sup>−1</sup>. Additionally, due to its soft magnetic properties (saturation magnetization intensity: 16.7 emu/g, residual magnetization intensity: 2.2 emu/g), the material could be conveniently recovered and reused after photocatalytic cycles. Even after 10 cycles, it retained over 98% recovery and 96% photocatalytic degradation efficiency, underscoring its potential for cost-effective, large-scale photocatalytic water purification.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/1/51photocatalystwaste materialscarbon quantum dotsmaghemite |
| spellingShingle | Qing Liu Wanying Ying Hailing Gou Minghui Li Ke Huang Renyuan Xu Guanzhi Ding Pengyu Wang Shuoping Chen A Magnetic Photocatalytic Composite Derived from Waste Rice Noodle and Red Mud Nanomaterials photocatalyst waste materials carbon quantum dots maghemite |
| title | A Magnetic Photocatalytic Composite Derived from Waste Rice Noodle and Red Mud |
| title_full | A Magnetic Photocatalytic Composite Derived from Waste Rice Noodle and Red Mud |
| title_fullStr | A Magnetic Photocatalytic Composite Derived from Waste Rice Noodle and Red Mud |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Magnetic Photocatalytic Composite Derived from Waste Rice Noodle and Red Mud |
| title_short | A Magnetic Photocatalytic Composite Derived from Waste Rice Noodle and Red Mud |
| title_sort | magnetic photocatalytic composite derived from waste rice noodle and red mud |
| topic | photocatalyst waste materials carbon quantum dots maghemite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/1/51 |
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