Plasmodium Falciparum and mosquito vector IgG patterns across suspected malaria cases in Ghana
Abstract Introduction Malaria, a widespread tropical disease, remains a significant global health issue, resulting in numerous deaths each year. In Ghana, malaria is a leading cause of illness, contributing to a large proportion of hospital outpatient visits. The study assessed the pattern of malari...
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2024-12-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10248-9 |
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| author | Kwame Kumi Asare Sebastian Shine Kwapong Prosper Tey Vincent Sackey Samuel Victor Nuvor Linda Eva Amoah |
| author_facet | Kwame Kumi Asare Sebastian Shine Kwapong Prosper Tey Vincent Sackey Samuel Victor Nuvor Linda Eva Amoah |
| author_sort | Kwame Kumi Asare |
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| description | Abstract Introduction Malaria, a widespread tropical disease, remains a significant global health issue, resulting in numerous deaths each year. In Ghana, malaria is a leading cause of illness, contributing to a large proportion of hospital outpatient visits. The study assessed the pattern of malaria and vector IgG antibody levels among suspected malaria patients seeking healthcare at selected health facilities across Ghana. Methods Samples from a total of 823 participants aged 1 to 85 years with clinical malaria from the ten regions of Ghana were recruited into the study. Archived plasma obtained from each participant was used to assess antibody responses against MSP1 (19 k), MSP2 (FC27 & 3D7), MSP3, gSG6-P1, and GLURP-RO using ELISA. The data were categorized according to study site, age group, gender, and diagnostic tests. Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis’s statistics. The statistical significance was assessed at 0.05. Results The mean ± standard error of the mean (S.E) of MSP3 IgG concentration for the different age groups were 16, 847 ± 3, 031 ng/mL for 0–4 years, 18, 973 ± 4,357 ng/mL for 5–10 years, 25,961 ± 5,436 ng/mL for 11–15 years and 76, 244 ± 8, 209 ng/mL for ≥ 16 years. A significant (Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 122.6, p < 0.0001) increase in P. falciparum MSP 3 (p < 0.0001) and gSG6-P1(p < 0.0001) IgG concentration was observed with increasing age categories. There were significant differences in antibody responses against MSP2 (FC27) IgG (Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 29.63, p = 0.0005), MSP3 IgG (Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 32.53, p = 0.0002), GLURP-RO IgG (Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 52.8, p < 0.0001) and gSG6-P1 IgG (Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 152.8, p < 0.0001) across the study regions. Conclusion The study reveals that IgG against merozoite surface proteins MSP3, GLURP-RO, and gSG6-P1 but not MSP1 and MSP2 antibodies increase with age. The mean IgG antibody concentrations varied in the selected regions of Ghana. A longitudinal study where confounding factors are controlled for is recommended to provide insights into the development of immunity and antibody efficacy, and to enhance the effectiveness of malaria prevention efforts in Ghana. This will help improve the overall understanding of malaria transmission. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-5a9a52ee4ca34971886f54ea85fa86c42024-12-08T12:19:57ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342024-12-0124111210.1186/s12879-024-10248-9Plasmodium Falciparum and mosquito vector IgG patterns across suspected malaria cases in GhanaKwame Kumi Asare0Sebastian Shine Kwapong1Prosper Tey2Vincent Sackey3Samuel Victor Nuvor4Linda Eva Amoah5Biomedical and Clinical Research Centre, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape CoastDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape CoastDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape CoastDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape CoastDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape CoastDepartment of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of GhanaAbstract Introduction Malaria, a widespread tropical disease, remains a significant global health issue, resulting in numerous deaths each year. In Ghana, malaria is a leading cause of illness, contributing to a large proportion of hospital outpatient visits. The study assessed the pattern of malaria and vector IgG antibody levels among suspected malaria patients seeking healthcare at selected health facilities across Ghana. Methods Samples from a total of 823 participants aged 1 to 85 years with clinical malaria from the ten regions of Ghana were recruited into the study. Archived plasma obtained from each participant was used to assess antibody responses against MSP1 (19 k), MSP2 (FC27 & 3D7), MSP3, gSG6-P1, and GLURP-RO using ELISA. The data were categorized according to study site, age group, gender, and diagnostic tests. Data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis’s statistics. The statistical significance was assessed at 0.05. Results The mean ± standard error of the mean (S.E) of MSP3 IgG concentration for the different age groups were 16, 847 ± 3, 031 ng/mL for 0–4 years, 18, 973 ± 4,357 ng/mL for 5–10 years, 25,961 ± 5,436 ng/mL for 11–15 years and 76, 244 ± 8, 209 ng/mL for ≥ 16 years. A significant (Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 122.6, p < 0.0001) increase in P. falciparum MSP 3 (p < 0.0001) and gSG6-P1(p < 0.0001) IgG concentration was observed with increasing age categories. There were significant differences in antibody responses against MSP2 (FC27) IgG (Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 29.63, p = 0.0005), MSP3 IgG (Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 32.53, p = 0.0002), GLURP-RO IgG (Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 52.8, p < 0.0001) and gSG6-P1 IgG (Kruskal–Wallis statistic = 152.8, p < 0.0001) across the study regions. Conclusion The study reveals that IgG against merozoite surface proteins MSP3, GLURP-RO, and gSG6-P1 but not MSP1 and MSP2 antibodies increase with age. The mean IgG antibody concentrations varied in the selected regions of Ghana. A longitudinal study where confounding factors are controlled for is recommended to provide insights into the development of immunity and antibody efficacy, and to enhance the effectiveness of malaria prevention efforts in Ghana. This will help improve the overall understanding of malaria transmission.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10248-9Plasmodium falciparumIgG patternsMSP3 antibodiesGLURP-RO antibodiesGSG6-P1antibodiesMSP1 antibodies |
| spellingShingle | Kwame Kumi Asare Sebastian Shine Kwapong Prosper Tey Vincent Sackey Samuel Victor Nuvor Linda Eva Amoah Plasmodium Falciparum and mosquito vector IgG patterns across suspected malaria cases in Ghana BMC Infectious Diseases Plasmodium falciparum IgG patterns MSP3 antibodies GLURP-RO antibodies GSG6-P1antibodies MSP1 antibodies |
| title | Plasmodium Falciparum and mosquito vector IgG patterns across suspected malaria cases in Ghana |
| title_full | Plasmodium Falciparum and mosquito vector IgG patterns across suspected malaria cases in Ghana |
| title_fullStr | Plasmodium Falciparum and mosquito vector IgG patterns across suspected malaria cases in Ghana |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plasmodium Falciparum and mosquito vector IgG patterns across suspected malaria cases in Ghana |
| title_short | Plasmodium Falciparum and mosquito vector IgG patterns across suspected malaria cases in Ghana |
| title_sort | plasmodium falciparum and mosquito vector igg patterns across suspected malaria cases in ghana |
| topic | Plasmodium falciparum IgG patterns MSP3 antibodies GLURP-RO antibodies GSG6-P1antibodies MSP1 antibodies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-10248-9 |
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