Heavy Metal Distribution in Aquatic Products from Eastern Guangdong and Associated Health Risk Assessment

With the rapid industrialization and urbanization of coastal areas, marine pollution (such as heavy metals) is increasingly contaminating the environment, posing significant public health risks. Eastern Guangdong, a key aquaculture and fisheries hub in China, has a growing market for aquatic product...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jinyan Liu, You’an Yu, Zewei Sun, Keqin Zhang, Ping Li, Wenhua Liu, Ran Bi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Toxics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/881
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846102566069338112
author Jinyan Liu
You’an Yu
Zewei Sun
Keqin Zhang
Ping Li
Wenhua Liu
Ran Bi
author_facet Jinyan Liu
You’an Yu
Zewei Sun
Keqin Zhang
Ping Li
Wenhua Liu
Ran Bi
author_sort Jinyan Liu
collection DOAJ
description With the rapid industrialization and urbanization of coastal areas, marine pollution (such as heavy metals) is increasingly contaminating the environment, posing significant public health risks. Eastern Guangdong, a key aquaculture and fisheries hub in China, has a growing market for aquatic products. Heavy metals persist in the environment and are difficult to degrade and bioaccumulate in marine organisms through the food web, presenting carcinogenic and mutagenic risks to humans, as top predators. This study analyzed 10 key species commonly consumed by residents of eastern Guangdong (bivalves, crustaceans, and fish), measuring the concentrations of six heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Pollution levels were assessed using the pollution index (Pi), and dietary exposure risks were evaluated via the target hazard quotient (THQ) for different age groups. Results showed that Pi values for all metals were within normal background levels, but bivalves had a high capacity for Cd accumulation, with pollution severity ranking as bivalves > crustaceans > fish. The THQ values for both adults and teenagers were <1 across all samples, indicating no risk to the health of residents. However, the TTHQ for <i>Sanguinolaria</i> sp. exceeded 1, indicating potential health risks. This study highlights the health risks of consuming heavy metal-contaminated aquatic products, particularly bivalves. Reducing the consumption of these high-metal species could help lower dietary exposure and associated risks. Our findings provide essential data for the quality assessment of aquatic products and offer dietary recommendations for residents in eastern Guangdong.
format Article
id doaj-art-5a530cf40867442b92634e3a08cc6f11
institution Kabale University
issn 2305-6304
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Toxics
spelling doaj-art-5a530cf40867442b92634e3a08cc6f112024-12-27T14:56:41ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042024-12-01121288110.3390/toxics12120881Heavy Metal Distribution in Aquatic Products from Eastern Guangdong and Associated Health Risk AssessmentJinyan Liu0You’an Yu1Zewei Sun2Keqin Zhang3Ping Li4Wenhua Liu5Ran Bi6Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, and Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaWith the rapid industrialization and urbanization of coastal areas, marine pollution (such as heavy metals) is increasingly contaminating the environment, posing significant public health risks. Eastern Guangdong, a key aquaculture and fisheries hub in China, has a growing market for aquatic products. Heavy metals persist in the environment and are difficult to degrade and bioaccumulate in marine organisms through the food web, presenting carcinogenic and mutagenic risks to humans, as top predators. This study analyzed 10 key species commonly consumed by residents of eastern Guangdong (bivalves, crustaceans, and fish), measuring the concentrations of six heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Pollution levels were assessed using the pollution index (Pi), and dietary exposure risks were evaluated via the target hazard quotient (THQ) for different age groups. Results showed that Pi values for all metals were within normal background levels, but bivalves had a high capacity for Cd accumulation, with pollution severity ranking as bivalves > crustaceans > fish. The THQ values for both adults and teenagers were <1 across all samples, indicating no risk to the health of residents. However, the TTHQ for <i>Sanguinolaria</i> sp. exceeded 1, indicating potential health risks. This study highlights the health risks of consuming heavy metal-contaminated aquatic products, particularly bivalves. Reducing the consumption of these high-metal species could help lower dietary exposure and associated risks. Our findings provide essential data for the quality assessment of aquatic products and offer dietary recommendations for residents in eastern Guangdong.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/881marine pollutionheavy metalaquatic productshealth risk
spellingShingle Jinyan Liu
You’an Yu
Zewei Sun
Keqin Zhang
Ping Li
Wenhua Liu
Ran Bi
Heavy Metal Distribution in Aquatic Products from Eastern Guangdong and Associated Health Risk Assessment
Toxics
marine pollution
heavy metal
aquatic products
health risk
title Heavy Metal Distribution in Aquatic Products from Eastern Guangdong and Associated Health Risk Assessment
title_full Heavy Metal Distribution in Aquatic Products from Eastern Guangdong and Associated Health Risk Assessment
title_fullStr Heavy Metal Distribution in Aquatic Products from Eastern Guangdong and Associated Health Risk Assessment
title_full_unstemmed Heavy Metal Distribution in Aquatic Products from Eastern Guangdong and Associated Health Risk Assessment
title_short Heavy Metal Distribution in Aquatic Products from Eastern Guangdong and Associated Health Risk Assessment
title_sort heavy metal distribution in aquatic products from eastern guangdong and associated health risk assessment
topic marine pollution
heavy metal
aquatic products
health risk
url https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/881
work_keys_str_mv AT jinyanliu heavymetaldistributioninaquaticproductsfromeasternguangdongandassociatedhealthriskassessment
AT youanyu heavymetaldistributioninaquaticproductsfromeasternguangdongandassociatedhealthriskassessment
AT zeweisun heavymetaldistributioninaquaticproductsfromeasternguangdongandassociatedhealthriskassessment
AT keqinzhang heavymetaldistributioninaquaticproductsfromeasternguangdongandassociatedhealthriskassessment
AT pingli heavymetaldistributioninaquaticproductsfromeasternguangdongandassociatedhealthriskassessment
AT wenhualiu heavymetaldistributioninaquaticproductsfromeasternguangdongandassociatedhealthriskassessment
AT ranbi heavymetaldistributioninaquaticproductsfromeasternguangdongandassociatedhealthriskassessment