A High-resolution Spectroscopic Survey of Directly Imaged Companion Hosts. I. Determination of Diagnostic Stellar Abundances for Planet Formation and Composition
We present the first results of an extensive spectroscopic survey of directly imaged planet host stars. The goal of the survey is the measurement of stellar properties and abundances of 15 elements (including C, O, and S) in these stars. In this work, we present the analysis procedure and the result...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Aneesh Baburaj Quinn M. Konopacky Christopher A. Theissen Sarah Peacock Lori Huseby Benjamin J. Fulton Roman Gerasimov Travis S. Barman Kielan K. W. Hoch |
| author_facet | Aneesh Baburaj Quinn M. Konopacky Christopher A. Theissen Sarah Peacock Lori Huseby Benjamin J. Fulton Roman Gerasimov Travis S. Barman Kielan K. W. Hoch |
| author_sort | Aneesh Baburaj |
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| description | We present the first results of an extensive spectroscopic survey of directly imaged planet host stars. The goal of the survey is the measurement of stellar properties and abundances of 15 elements (including C, O, and S) in these stars. In this work, we present the analysis procedure and the results for an initial set of five host stars, including some very well-known systems. We obtain C/O ratios using a combination of spectral modeling and equivalent-width measurements for all five stars. Our analysis indicates solar C/O ratios for HR 8799 (0.59 ± 0.11), 51 Eri (0.54 ± 0.14), HD 984 (0.63 ± 0.14), and GJ 504 (0.54 ± 0.14). However, we find a supersolar C/O (0.81 ± 0.14) for HD 206893 through spectral modeling. The ratios obtained using the equivalent-width method agree with those obtained using spectral modeling but have higher uncertainties (∼0.3 dex). We also calculate the C/S and O/S ratios, which will help us to better constrain planet formation, especially once planetary sulfur abundances are measured using JWST. Finally, we find no evidence of highly elevated metallicities or abundances for any of our targets, suggesting that a super metal-rich environment is not a prerequisite for large, widely separated gas planet formation. The measurement of elemental abundances beyond carbon and oxygen also provides access to additional abundance ratios, such as Mg/Si, which could aid in further modeling of their giant companions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-57cb9963a5f441e18b6f0575fb964f5f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1538-3881 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astronomical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-57cb9963a5f441e18b6f0575fb964f5f2025-01-08T07:06:39ZengIOP PublishingThe Astronomical Journal1538-38812025-01-0116925510.3847/1538-3881/ad8dfcA High-resolution Spectroscopic Survey of Directly Imaged Companion Hosts. I. Determination of Diagnostic Stellar Abundances for Planet Formation and CompositionAneesh Baburaj0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3708-241XQuinn M. Konopacky1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9936-6285Christopher A. Theissen2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9807-5435Sarah Peacock3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1046-025XLori Huseby4https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5477-9375Benjamin J. Fulton5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3504-5316Roman Gerasimov6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-639XTravis S. Barman7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7129-3002Kielan K. W. Hoch8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9803-8255Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA ; ababuraj@ucsd.edu; Department of Physics, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USADepartment of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA ; ababuraj@ucsd.eduDepartment of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of California , San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA ; ababuraj@ucsd.eduUniversity of Maryland , Baltimore County, MD 21250, USA; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USALunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721, USANASA Exoplanet Science Institute/Caltech-IPAC , MC 314-6, 1200 E California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame , Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USALunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ 85721, USASpace Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USAWe present the first results of an extensive spectroscopic survey of directly imaged planet host stars. The goal of the survey is the measurement of stellar properties and abundances of 15 elements (including C, O, and S) in these stars. In this work, we present the analysis procedure and the results for an initial set of five host stars, including some very well-known systems. We obtain C/O ratios using a combination of spectral modeling and equivalent-width measurements for all five stars. Our analysis indicates solar C/O ratios for HR 8799 (0.59 ± 0.11), 51 Eri (0.54 ± 0.14), HD 984 (0.63 ± 0.14), and GJ 504 (0.54 ± 0.14). However, we find a supersolar C/O (0.81 ± 0.14) for HD 206893 through spectral modeling. The ratios obtained using the equivalent-width method agree with those obtained using spectral modeling but have higher uncertainties (∼0.3 dex). We also calculate the C/S and O/S ratios, which will help us to better constrain planet formation, especially once planetary sulfur abundances are measured using JWST. Finally, we find no evidence of highly elevated metallicities or abundances for any of our targets, suggesting that a super metal-rich environment is not a prerequisite for large, widely separated gas planet formation. The measurement of elemental abundances beyond carbon and oxygen also provides access to additional abundance ratios, such as Mg/Si, which could aid in further modeling of their giant companions.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad8dfcHigh resolution spectroscopyExoplanet formationAtmospheric compositionStellar abundancesDirect imaging |
| spellingShingle | Aneesh Baburaj Quinn M. Konopacky Christopher A. Theissen Sarah Peacock Lori Huseby Benjamin J. Fulton Roman Gerasimov Travis S. Barman Kielan K. W. Hoch A High-resolution Spectroscopic Survey of Directly Imaged Companion Hosts. I. Determination of Diagnostic Stellar Abundances for Planet Formation and Composition The Astronomical Journal High resolution spectroscopy Exoplanet formation Atmospheric composition Stellar abundances Direct imaging |
| title | A High-resolution Spectroscopic Survey of Directly Imaged Companion Hosts. I. Determination of Diagnostic Stellar Abundances for Planet Formation and Composition |
| title_full | A High-resolution Spectroscopic Survey of Directly Imaged Companion Hosts. I. Determination of Diagnostic Stellar Abundances for Planet Formation and Composition |
| title_fullStr | A High-resolution Spectroscopic Survey of Directly Imaged Companion Hosts. I. Determination of Diagnostic Stellar Abundances for Planet Formation and Composition |
| title_full_unstemmed | A High-resolution Spectroscopic Survey of Directly Imaged Companion Hosts. I. Determination of Diagnostic Stellar Abundances for Planet Formation and Composition |
| title_short | A High-resolution Spectroscopic Survey of Directly Imaged Companion Hosts. I. Determination of Diagnostic Stellar Abundances for Planet Formation and Composition |
| title_sort | high resolution spectroscopic survey of directly imaged companion hosts i determination of diagnostic stellar abundances for planet formation and composition |
| topic | High resolution spectroscopy Exoplanet formation Atmospheric composition Stellar abundances Direct imaging |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad8dfc |
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