The Effect of Chemical Environment and Temperature on the Domain Structure of Free‐Standing BaTiO3 via In Situ STEM
Abstract Ferroelectrics, due to their polar nature and reversible switching, can be used to dynamically control surface chemistry for catalysis, chemical switching, and other applications such as water splitting. However, this is a complex phenomenon where ferroelectric domain orientation and switch...
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Wiley
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Advanced Science |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202303028 |
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| author | Tamsin O'Reilly Kristina M. Holsgrove Xinqiao Zhang John J. R. Scott Iaro Gaponenko Praveen Kumar Joshua Agar Patrycja Paruch Miryam Arredondo |
| author_facet | Tamsin O'Reilly Kristina M. Holsgrove Xinqiao Zhang John J. R. Scott Iaro Gaponenko Praveen Kumar Joshua Agar Patrycja Paruch Miryam Arredondo |
| author_sort | Tamsin O'Reilly |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Ferroelectrics, due to their polar nature and reversible switching, can be used to dynamically control surface chemistry for catalysis, chemical switching, and other applications such as water splitting. However, this is a complex phenomenon where ferroelectric domain orientation and switching are intimately linked to surface charges. In this work, the temperature‐induced domain behavior of ferroelectric‐ferroelastic domains in free‐standing BaTiO3 films under different gas environments, including vacuum and oxygen‐rich, is studied by in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). An automated pathway to statistically disentangle and detect domain structure transformations using deep autoencoders, providing a pathway towards real‐time analysis is also established. These results show a clear difference in the temperature at which phase transition occurs and the domain behavior between various environments, with a peculiar domain reconfiguration at low temperatures, from a‐c to a‐a at ≈60 °C. The vacuum environment exhibits a rich domain structure, while under the oxidizing environment, the domain structure is largely suppressed. The direct visualization provided by in situ gas and heating STEM allows to investigate the influence of external variables such as gas, pressure, and temperature, on oxide surfaces in a dynamic manner, providing invaluable insights into the intricate surface‐screening mechanisms in ferroelectrics. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5775e1c50b504c039e8083c6f46f486a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2198-3844 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-5775e1c50b504c039e8083c6f46f486a2024-11-22T13:11:49ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442023-10-011029n/an/a10.1002/advs.202303028The Effect of Chemical Environment and Temperature on the Domain Structure of Free‐Standing BaTiO3 via In Situ STEMTamsin O'Reilly0Kristina M. Holsgrove1Xinqiao Zhang2John J. R. Scott3Iaro Gaponenko4Praveen Kumar5Joshua Agar6Patrycja Paruch7Miryam Arredondo8School of Mathematics and Physics Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN UKSchool of Mathematics and Physics Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN UKDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 USASchool of Mathematics and Physics Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN UKDQMP University of Geneva Geneva 1211 SwitzerlandSchool of Mathematics and Physics Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN UKDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 USADQMP University of Geneva Geneva 1211 SwitzerlandSchool of Mathematics and Physics Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT7 1NN UKAbstract Ferroelectrics, due to their polar nature and reversible switching, can be used to dynamically control surface chemistry for catalysis, chemical switching, and other applications such as water splitting. However, this is a complex phenomenon where ferroelectric domain orientation and switching are intimately linked to surface charges. In this work, the temperature‐induced domain behavior of ferroelectric‐ferroelastic domains in free‐standing BaTiO3 films under different gas environments, including vacuum and oxygen‐rich, is studied by in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). An automated pathway to statistically disentangle and detect domain structure transformations using deep autoencoders, providing a pathway towards real‐time analysis is also established. These results show a clear difference in the temperature at which phase transition occurs and the domain behavior between various environments, with a peculiar domain reconfiguration at low temperatures, from a‐c to a‐a at ≈60 °C. The vacuum environment exhibits a rich domain structure, while under the oxidizing environment, the domain structure is largely suppressed. The direct visualization provided by in situ gas and heating STEM allows to investigate the influence of external variables such as gas, pressure, and temperature, on oxide surfaces in a dynamic manner, providing invaluable insights into the intricate surface‐screening mechanisms in ferroelectrics.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202303028BaTiO3 free‐standing filmchemical environmentin situ heating STEMdomains |
| spellingShingle | Tamsin O'Reilly Kristina M. Holsgrove Xinqiao Zhang John J. R. Scott Iaro Gaponenko Praveen Kumar Joshua Agar Patrycja Paruch Miryam Arredondo The Effect of Chemical Environment and Temperature on the Domain Structure of Free‐Standing BaTiO3 via In Situ STEM Advanced Science BaTiO3 free‐standing film chemical environment in situ heating STEM domains |
| title | The Effect of Chemical Environment and Temperature on the Domain Structure of Free‐Standing BaTiO3 via In Situ STEM |
| title_full | The Effect of Chemical Environment and Temperature on the Domain Structure of Free‐Standing BaTiO3 via In Situ STEM |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Chemical Environment and Temperature on the Domain Structure of Free‐Standing BaTiO3 via In Situ STEM |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Chemical Environment and Temperature on the Domain Structure of Free‐Standing BaTiO3 via In Situ STEM |
| title_short | The Effect of Chemical Environment and Temperature on the Domain Structure of Free‐Standing BaTiO3 via In Situ STEM |
| title_sort | effect of chemical environment and temperature on the domain structure of free standing batio3 via in situ stem |
| topic | BaTiO3 free‐standing film chemical environment in situ heating STEM domains |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202303028 |
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