Odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvement
Maize (Zea mays) is India’s third-largest grain crop, serving as a primary food source for at least 30% of the population and sustaining 900 million impoverished people globally. The growing human population has led to an increasing demand for maize grains. However, maize cultivation faces significa...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1428475/full |
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| author | Alok Kumar Singh Alok Kumar Singh Alok Kumar Srivastava Parul Johri Manish Dwivedi Radhey Shyam Kaushal Mala Trivedi Tarun Kumar Upadhyay Nadiyah M. Alabdallah Nadiyah M. Alabdallah Irfan Ahmad Mohd Saeed Sorabh Lakhanpal |
| author_facet | Alok Kumar Singh Alok Kumar Singh Alok Kumar Srivastava Parul Johri Manish Dwivedi Radhey Shyam Kaushal Mala Trivedi Tarun Kumar Upadhyay Nadiyah M. Alabdallah Nadiyah M. Alabdallah Irfan Ahmad Mohd Saeed Sorabh Lakhanpal |
| author_sort | Alok Kumar Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Maize (Zea mays) is India’s third-largest grain crop, serving as a primary food source for at least 30% of the population and sustaining 900 million impoverished people globally. The growing human population has led to an increasing demand for maize grains. However, maize cultivation faces significant challenges due to a variety of environmental factors, including both biotic and abiotic stresses. Abiotic stresses such as salinity, extreme temperatures, and drought, along with biotic factors like bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, have drastically reduced maize production and grain quality worldwide. The interaction between these stresses is complex; for instance, abiotic stress can heighten a plant’s susceptibility to pathogens, while an overabundance of pests can exacerbate the plant’s response to environmental stress. Given the complexity of these interactions, comprehensive studies are crucial for understanding how the simultaneous presence of biotic and abiotic stresses affects crop productivity. Despite the importance of this issue, there is a lack of comprehensive data on how these stress combinations impact maize in key agricultural regions. This review focuses on developing abiotic stress-tolerant maize varieties, which will be essential for maintaining crop yields in the future. One promising approach involves the use of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), soil bacteria that colonize the rhizosphere and interact with plant tissues. Scientists are increasingly exploring microbial strategies to enhance maize’s resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Throughout the cultivation process, insect pests and microorganisms pose significant threats to maize, diminishing both the quantity and quality of the grain. Among the various factors causing maize degradation, insects are the most prevalent, followed by fungal infections. The review also delves into the latest advancements in applying beneficial rhizobacteria across different agroecosystems, highlighting current trends and offering insights into future developments under both normal and stress conditions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-55ef09767a9c46b9a6728829f63a3468 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-55ef09767a9c46b9a6728829f63a34682025-01-09T10:53:49ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2025-01-011510.3389/fpls.2024.14284751428475Odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvementAlok Kumar Singh0Alok Kumar Singh1Alok Kumar Srivastava2Parul Johri3Manish Dwivedi4Radhey Shyam Kaushal5Mala Trivedi6Tarun Kumar Upadhyay7Nadiyah M. Alabdallah8Nadiyah M. Alabdallah9Irfan Ahmad10Mohd Saeed11Sorabh Lakhanpal12Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) – National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganism, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaAmity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, IndiaIndian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR) – National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganism, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology for Divyangjan (AITH), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaAmity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, IndiaDepartment of Life Sciences, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, IndiaAmity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, IndiaDepartment of Life Sciences, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Research and Development Cell, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, IndiaDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi ArabiaBasic & Applied Scientific Research Centre, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, IndiaMaize (Zea mays) is India’s third-largest grain crop, serving as a primary food source for at least 30% of the population and sustaining 900 million impoverished people globally. The growing human population has led to an increasing demand for maize grains. However, maize cultivation faces significant challenges due to a variety of environmental factors, including both biotic and abiotic stresses. Abiotic stresses such as salinity, extreme temperatures, and drought, along with biotic factors like bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, have drastically reduced maize production and grain quality worldwide. The interaction between these stresses is complex; for instance, abiotic stress can heighten a plant’s susceptibility to pathogens, while an overabundance of pests can exacerbate the plant’s response to environmental stress. Given the complexity of these interactions, comprehensive studies are crucial for understanding how the simultaneous presence of biotic and abiotic stresses affects crop productivity. Despite the importance of this issue, there is a lack of comprehensive data on how these stress combinations impact maize in key agricultural regions. This review focuses on developing abiotic stress-tolerant maize varieties, which will be essential for maintaining crop yields in the future. One promising approach involves the use of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), soil bacteria that colonize the rhizosphere and interact with plant tissues. Scientists are increasingly exploring microbial strategies to enhance maize’s resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses. Throughout the cultivation process, insect pests and microorganisms pose significant threats to maize, diminishing both the quantity and quality of the grain. Among the various factors causing maize degradation, insects are the most prevalent, followed by fungal infections. The review also delves into the latest advancements in applying beneficial rhizobacteria across different agroecosystems, highlighting current trends and offering insights into future developments under both normal and stress conditions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1428475/fullabiotic and biotic stressbreeding improvementmaizePGPRtransgenic |
| spellingShingle | Alok Kumar Singh Alok Kumar Singh Alok Kumar Srivastava Parul Johri Manish Dwivedi Radhey Shyam Kaushal Mala Trivedi Tarun Kumar Upadhyay Nadiyah M. Alabdallah Nadiyah M. Alabdallah Irfan Ahmad Mohd Saeed Sorabh Lakhanpal Odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvement Frontiers in Plant Science abiotic and biotic stress breeding improvement maize PGPR transgenic |
| title | Odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvement |
| title_full | Odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvement |
| title_fullStr | Odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvement |
| title_short | Odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvement |
| title_sort | odyssey of environmental and microbial interventions in maize crop improvement |
| topic | abiotic and biotic stress breeding improvement maize PGPR transgenic |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1428475/full |
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