Comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host-microbial interactions

IntroductionDiet intervention, especially supplementation with high-quality protein, is considered to be a critical strategy in sarcopenia. However, different sources and types of protein have different health impacts.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to explore the differences in the ameliorative...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ruoyu Wang, Yuxin Ma, Meng Sun, Lutong Li, Zhaofeng Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Tsinghua University Press 2025-04-01
Series:Food Science and Human Wellness
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250092
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849344407629725696
author Ruoyu Wang
Yuxin Ma
Meng Sun
Lutong Li
Zhaofeng Zhang
author_facet Ruoyu Wang
Yuxin Ma
Meng Sun
Lutong Li
Zhaofeng Zhang
author_sort Ruoyu Wang
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionDiet intervention, especially supplementation with high-quality protein, is considered to be a critical strategy in sarcopenia. However, different sources and types of protein have different health impacts.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to explore the differences in the ameliorative effects and mechanisms of different sources and types of proteins on sarcopenia, providing an optimal path for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.MethodsA sarcopenia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone (5 mg/kg). Sixty male C57BL/6 mice (8 months old) were randomly divided into the normal control, sarcopenia, goat whey protein, goat milk casein, bovine whey protein, and bovine milk casein groups. Animals were treated for 8 consecutive weeks. Organism-level and molecular phenotypes, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and untargeted metabolomics profiling based on GC-TOF/MS were employed to investigate the correlation between host metabolism, microbial metabolism, autophagy and inflammation and their influence on sarcopenia in C57BL/6 male mice.ResultsAll 4 proteins increased muscle mass, and goat whey protein improved muscle strength in sarcopenic mice. Goat and bovine milk proteins promoted muscle regeneration by increasing MyoD1 and MyoG expression, and the former had a more distinct effect in inducing autophagy and decreasing inflammation than the latter. In addition, goat whey protein and casein could modulate host-microbial arginine co-metabolism. Notably, goat milk proteins responded well to sarcopenia comorbidities, including sarcopenic obesity, osteosarcopenia, and osteoarthritis.ConclusionThe study confirmed that goat milk proteins were more effective than bovine milk proteins for the control of sarcopenia. Moreover, we found that whey protein and casein could modulate host-microbial arginine co-metabolism, which shows their potential as precision nutritional supplements for the management of sarcopenia. Our study provides theoretical support for the prevention and control of sarcopenia.
format Article
id doaj-art-55291291efc94005bd6e7aa08d5b35bc
institution Kabale University
issn 2097-0765
2213-4530
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Tsinghua University Press
record_format Article
series Food Science and Human Wellness
spelling doaj-art-55291291efc94005bd6e7aa08d5b35bc2025-08-20T03:42:40ZengTsinghua University PressFood Science and Human Wellness2097-07652213-45302025-04-01144925009210.26599/FSHW.2024.9250092Comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host-microbial interactionsRuoyu Wang0Yuxin Ma1Meng Sun2Lutong Li3Zhaofeng Zhang4School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, ChinaIntroductionDiet intervention, especially supplementation with high-quality protein, is considered to be a critical strategy in sarcopenia. However, different sources and types of protein have different health impacts.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to explore the differences in the ameliorative effects and mechanisms of different sources and types of proteins on sarcopenia, providing an optimal path for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.MethodsA sarcopenia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone (5 mg/kg). Sixty male C57BL/6 mice (8 months old) were randomly divided into the normal control, sarcopenia, goat whey protein, goat milk casein, bovine whey protein, and bovine milk casein groups. Animals were treated for 8 consecutive weeks. Organism-level and molecular phenotypes, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and untargeted metabolomics profiling based on GC-TOF/MS were employed to investigate the correlation between host metabolism, microbial metabolism, autophagy and inflammation and their influence on sarcopenia in C57BL/6 male mice.ResultsAll 4 proteins increased muscle mass, and goat whey protein improved muscle strength in sarcopenic mice. Goat and bovine milk proteins promoted muscle regeneration by increasing MyoD1 and MyoG expression, and the former had a more distinct effect in inducing autophagy and decreasing inflammation than the latter. In addition, goat whey protein and casein could modulate host-microbial arginine co-metabolism. Notably, goat milk proteins responded well to sarcopenia comorbidities, including sarcopenic obesity, osteosarcopenia, and osteoarthritis.ConclusionThe study confirmed that goat milk proteins were more effective than bovine milk proteins for the control of sarcopenia. Moreover, we found that whey protein and casein could modulate host-microbial arginine co-metabolism, which shows their potential as precision nutritional supplements for the management of sarcopenia. Our study provides theoretical support for the prevention and control of sarcopenia.https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250092sarcopeniawhey proteincaseincomorbidityhost-microbe co-metabolism
spellingShingle Ruoyu Wang
Yuxin Ma
Meng Sun
Lutong Li
Zhaofeng Zhang
Comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host-microbial interactions
Food Science and Human Wellness
sarcopenia
whey protein
casein
comorbidity
host-microbe co-metabolism
title Comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host-microbial interactions
title_full Comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host-microbial interactions
title_fullStr Comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host-microbial interactions
title_full_unstemmed Comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host-microbial interactions
title_short Comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host-microbial interactions
title_sort comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host microbial interactions
topic sarcopenia
whey protein
casein
comorbidity
host-microbe co-metabolism
url https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FSHW.2024.9250092
work_keys_str_mv AT ruoyuwang comparativeanalysisofgoatandbovinemilkproteinsintheimprovementofsarcopeniabasedonhostmicrobialinteractions
AT yuxinma comparativeanalysisofgoatandbovinemilkproteinsintheimprovementofsarcopeniabasedonhostmicrobialinteractions
AT mengsun comparativeanalysisofgoatandbovinemilkproteinsintheimprovementofsarcopeniabasedonhostmicrobialinteractions
AT lutongli comparativeanalysisofgoatandbovinemilkproteinsintheimprovementofsarcopeniabasedonhostmicrobialinteractions
AT zhaofengzhang comparativeanalysisofgoatandbovinemilkproteinsintheimprovementofsarcopeniabasedonhostmicrobialinteractions