Association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult HIV patients in southern Ethiopia: an institution based cross sectional study
Objective Undernutrition is a common issue for HIV and other immune suppressed patients. Approximately 462 million people worldwide living with HIV are experiencing undernutrition, with sub-Saharan Africa having the highest prevalence. Good adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) indirectly helps...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/1/e082874.full |
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| author | Muluken Bekele Sorrie Nigus Kabtu Belete Tesfaye Feleke Gadore Darik Temesgen Assefa Manaye Yihune Teshale Eshetu Zerihun Tariku |
| author_facet | Muluken Bekele Sorrie Nigus Kabtu Belete Tesfaye Feleke Gadore Darik Temesgen Assefa Manaye Yihune Teshale Eshetu Zerihun Tariku |
| author_sort | Muluken Bekele Sorrie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective Undernutrition is a common issue for HIV and other immune suppressed patients. Approximately 462 million people worldwide living with HIV are experiencing undernutrition, with sub-Saharan Africa having the highest prevalence. Good adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) indirectly helps prevent undernutrition by suppressing viral load, increasing CD4 count, preventing viral resistance, enhancing immune reconstitution and delaying disease progression in HIV patients. This study aims to assess the association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult HIV patients in southern Ethiopia.Study design An institution based cross sectional study design was used.Setting and participants The study was conducted in 406 randomly selected adult HIV patients from Gamo zone public health facilities.Primary and secondary outcomes The data were collected by a trained data collector using a structured interviewer administered questionnaire, patient record review and physical measurements. Binary logistic regression was run to select candidate variables, and a multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the association between undernutrition and poor drug adherence, as well as other variables. A p value <0.05 with 95% CI was considered statistically significant.Results The magnitude of undernutrition was 28% (95% CI 24.0 to 33). Being a male patient (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.243 to 3.573), poor ART drug adherence (AOR 3.6, 1.815 to 7.428) and consuming <5 food groups (AOR 4.8, 2.901 to 8.265) were significantly associated with undernutrition among adult HIV patients.Conclusions Poor drug adherence was significantly associated with undernutrition. Also, sex and dietary diversity were identified as predictors for undernutrition among adult HIV patients. Therefore, effectively managing poor drug adherence, nutritional supplements and communicating behavioural change implications are critical for successfully preventing undernutrition. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-54ea275f8d7c48b6ac52ebc633e1aa39 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-54ea275f8d7c48b6ac52ebc633e1aa392025-01-17T20:15:11ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552025-01-0115110.1136/bmjopen-2023-082874Association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult HIV patients in southern Ethiopia: an institution based cross sectional studyMuluken Bekele Sorrie0Nigus Kabtu Belete1Tesfaye Feleke Gadore2Darik Temesgen Assefa3Manaye Yihune Teshale4Eshetu Zerihun Tariku51 School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia1 School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia1 School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia1 School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia1 School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia1 School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, EthiopiaObjective Undernutrition is a common issue for HIV and other immune suppressed patients. Approximately 462 million people worldwide living with HIV are experiencing undernutrition, with sub-Saharan Africa having the highest prevalence. Good adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) indirectly helps prevent undernutrition by suppressing viral load, increasing CD4 count, preventing viral resistance, enhancing immune reconstitution and delaying disease progression in HIV patients. This study aims to assess the association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult HIV patients in southern Ethiopia.Study design An institution based cross sectional study design was used.Setting and participants The study was conducted in 406 randomly selected adult HIV patients from Gamo zone public health facilities.Primary and secondary outcomes The data were collected by a trained data collector using a structured interviewer administered questionnaire, patient record review and physical measurements. Binary logistic regression was run to select candidate variables, and a multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess the association between undernutrition and poor drug adherence, as well as other variables. A p value <0.05 with 95% CI was considered statistically significant.Results The magnitude of undernutrition was 28% (95% CI 24.0 to 33). Being a male patient (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.243 to 3.573), poor ART drug adherence (AOR 3.6, 1.815 to 7.428) and consuming <5 food groups (AOR 4.8, 2.901 to 8.265) were significantly associated with undernutrition among adult HIV patients.Conclusions Poor drug adherence was significantly associated with undernutrition. Also, sex and dietary diversity were identified as predictors for undernutrition among adult HIV patients. Therefore, effectively managing poor drug adherence, nutritional supplements and communicating behavioural change implications are critical for successfully preventing undernutrition.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/1/e082874.full |
| spellingShingle | Muluken Bekele Sorrie Nigus Kabtu Belete Tesfaye Feleke Gadore Darik Temesgen Assefa Manaye Yihune Teshale Eshetu Zerihun Tariku Association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult HIV patients in southern Ethiopia: an institution based cross sectional study BMJ Open |
| title | Association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult HIV patients in southern Ethiopia: an institution based cross sectional study |
| title_full | Association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult HIV patients in southern Ethiopia: an institution based cross sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult HIV patients in southern Ethiopia: an institution based cross sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult HIV patients in southern Ethiopia: an institution based cross sectional study |
| title_short | Association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult HIV patients in southern Ethiopia: an institution based cross sectional study |
| title_sort | association between poor drug adherence and undernutrition among adult hiv patients in southern ethiopia an institution based cross sectional study |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/1/e082874.full |
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