Optimal Energy Management of EVs at Workplaces and Residential Buildings Using Heuristic Graph-Search Algorithm

As the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) continues to rise, efficient scheduling methods that minimize operational costs are critical. This paper introduces a novel EV scheduling method utilizing a heuristic graph-search algorithm for cost minimization due to its admissible nature. The approach op...

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Main Authors: Md Jamal Ahmed Shohan, Md Maidul Islam, Sophia Owais, Md Omar Faruque
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/21/5278
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author Md Jamal Ahmed Shohan
Md Maidul Islam
Sophia Owais
Md Omar Faruque
author_facet Md Jamal Ahmed Shohan
Md Maidul Islam
Sophia Owais
Md Omar Faruque
author_sort Md Jamal Ahmed Shohan
collection DOAJ
description As the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) continues to rise, efficient scheduling methods that minimize operational costs are critical. This paper introduces a novel EV scheduling method utilizing a heuristic graph-search algorithm for cost minimization due to its admissible nature. The approach optimizes EV charging and discharging schedules by considering real-time energy prices and battery degradation costs. The method is tested on systems with solar generation, electric loads, and EVs featuring vehicle-to-grid (V2G) connections. Various charging rates, such as standard, fast, and supercharging, along with uncertainties in EV arrival and departure times, are factored into the analysis. Results from various case studies demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms popular heuristic optimization techniques, such as particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithms, by 3–5% for different real-time energy prices. Additionally, the method’s effectiveness in reducing operational costs for workplace EVs is confirmed through extensive case studies under varying uncertain conditions. Finally, the system is implemented on a digital real-time simulator with DNP3 communication, where real-time results align closely with offline simulations, confirming the algorithm’s efficacy for real-world applications.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1996-1073
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publishDate 2024-10-01
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series Energies
spelling doaj-art-537e345744b34810822554a9cfa4a4c32024-11-08T14:35:10ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732024-10-011721527810.3390/en17215278Optimal Energy Management of EVs at Workplaces and Residential Buildings Using Heuristic Graph-Search AlgorithmMd Jamal Ahmed Shohan0Md Maidul Islam1Sophia Owais2Md Omar Faruque3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USAAs the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) continues to rise, efficient scheduling methods that minimize operational costs are critical. This paper introduces a novel EV scheduling method utilizing a heuristic graph-search algorithm for cost minimization due to its admissible nature. The approach optimizes EV charging and discharging schedules by considering real-time energy prices and battery degradation costs. The method is tested on systems with solar generation, electric loads, and EVs featuring vehicle-to-grid (V2G) connections. Various charging rates, such as standard, fast, and supercharging, along with uncertainties in EV arrival and departure times, are factored into the analysis. Results from various case studies demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms popular heuristic optimization techniques, such as particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithms, by 3–5% for different real-time energy prices. Additionally, the method’s effectiveness in reducing operational costs for workplace EVs is confirmed through extensive case studies under varying uncertain conditions. Finally, the system is implemented on a digital real-time simulator with DNP3 communication, where real-time results align closely with offline simulations, confirming the algorithm’s efficacy for real-world applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/21/5278electric vehiclesgraph-search algorithmcharging-discharging schedulingenergy storagedigital real-time simulation
spellingShingle Md Jamal Ahmed Shohan
Md Maidul Islam
Sophia Owais
Md Omar Faruque
Optimal Energy Management of EVs at Workplaces and Residential Buildings Using Heuristic Graph-Search Algorithm
Energies
electric vehicles
graph-search algorithm
charging-discharging scheduling
energy storage
digital real-time simulation
title Optimal Energy Management of EVs at Workplaces and Residential Buildings Using Heuristic Graph-Search Algorithm
title_full Optimal Energy Management of EVs at Workplaces and Residential Buildings Using Heuristic Graph-Search Algorithm
title_fullStr Optimal Energy Management of EVs at Workplaces and Residential Buildings Using Heuristic Graph-Search Algorithm
title_full_unstemmed Optimal Energy Management of EVs at Workplaces and Residential Buildings Using Heuristic Graph-Search Algorithm
title_short Optimal Energy Management of EVs at Workplaces and Residential Buildings Using Heuristic Graph-Search Algorithm
title_sort optimal energy management of evs at workplaces and residential buildings using heuristic graph search algorithm
topic electric vehicles
graph-search algorithm
charging-discharging scheduling
energy storage
digital real-time simulation
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/21/5278
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AT sophiaowais optimalenergymanagementofevsatworkplacesandresidentialbuildingsusingheuristicgraphsearchalgorithm
AT mdomarfaruque optimalenergymanagementofevsatworkplacesandresidentialbuildingsusingheuristicgraphsearchalgorithm